GRASS FAMILY 85 



r 



Lemma (without the awiis) 5-8 mm. long; plant usually over 3 dm. 



high. 

 Old slieaths of the mnovations brown and papery. 



8. F. calliQcra. 



Old sheaths of the innovations neither brown nor papery. 



Basal leaf-sheaths short, remaining involute in age; blades 



of stem-leaves rarely 8 cm. long. , 



Awn short, less than half as long as the lemma: inflores- 

 cence dense and narrow. 9. F. sanmontana. 

 Awn long, from nearly equalling to much exceedmg tlie 

 lemma; inflorescence open. . 

 Awn little if at all exceeding the lemma m length; 



ovary glabrous. 

 Leaves scabrous. 10. F. tngrata. 



Leaves smooth. IL F. idahoensis. 



Awn much exceeding the lemma; ovary hispidulous 

 at the apex. 12. F. occidentalis. 



Basal sheaths long and becoming flattened in age, often 1 

 dm. long; blades of the stem-leaves over 1 dm. long. 



13. F. anzonica. 



Pulvini at the bases of the branches of the panicle rather conspicuous; 

 tufts separable with difficulty. ^ 14. F, tindula. 



Body of the lemma 8-12 mm. long: leaf-blades soon hreakmg off from the 



sheath; palet notched at the apex; bunch-grasses. , „^ 



Branches of the panicle spreading or reflexed; spikelets shimng; lea\es 



smooth beneath 1^- F. aitaica. 



Branches of the panicle erect or ascending; spikelets rather dull; leaves 



verv scabrous. . . ^, 



Plant o-lo dm. high; basal sheaths long, loose, m age more or les^ 

 flattened; empty glumes narrowly lanceolate, acuimnate; second 

 glume shorter than the spikelet. ^ 16. F. campcstns.^ 



Plant 3-5 dm. high; basal sheaths usually short and close even in 

 age- empty glumes acute, lanceolate; second glume about equal- 

 ling the spikelet. 17. F. scabrella. 

 Ligules elongate, 4-9 mm. long, acute. l». /*. inuroen. 

 Leaf-blades all flat, 4 mm, wide or more; perennials with rootstocks. 



Lemma abruptlv acute, not at all keeled. IJ- r. eiaiwr. 



Lemma awned or awn-pointed, keeled at least above the middle. 



Awn or awn-point shorter than the lemma- . , „i- *„ 



Lemma distinctly 5-nerved; awn from the cleft apex: Pamcle ciliate. 



20. F. dasyclaaa. 



Lemma with indistinct intermediate nerves; awn terminal; panicle not 

 ciliate. 21. F. sorona. 



Awm longer than the lemma. 22. F. subulata. 



Annuals; stamens usually solitary. oo ^ nrtnfJnm 



Snikeiets 5-13-flowered; both glumes subulate. -2-5. /*. ociojiora. 



Suikelets loosely 1-o-flowered; first glume subulate, the second lanceolate. 



Branches of the shttrt panicle normally divergent, a pulvinus at the base oi at 



least one of them. , , ^ ., . « 



Spikelets usually 3-5-flowered, only the mam branches of the inflorescence 

 divergent. „ ^ ^. ^ 24 F. pacifica. 



Spikelets usually 1-3-flowered; all branches divergent or reflexed. 



2o. F. reftexa. 



Branches of the elongated narrow panicle erect and appressed. _ . 



1. F. Kitaibeliana Schultes. Stem 2-5 dm. high; blades of stem-leaves 

 flat 3-12 cm. long; inflorescence narrow, often secund; spikelets 8-12 mm. long, 

 5-9-flowered; empty glumes miequal, 2-4 mm. long, lanceolate, glabrous; lemma 

 narrowly lanceolate, 5-6 mm. long; awn scabrous, 2-4 mni. long. Hills and 

 mountain sides: Greenl.—N.B.—Wyo.— Ore.— Alaska; Eurasia. Submont. 



Je- Au . 



2 F. rubra L. Stem 3-10 dm. high; blades soft, green or (m var. glaucotdea 

 Finer) more or less glaucous; panicle 5-20 cm. long, often narrow; spikelets 4-6- 

 flowered, 7-8 mm. long, green or more or less glaucous, often purple-tinged; 

 lemma 5-7 mm. long, lanceolate; a^vIl scabrous, 1-4 mm. long. Hills: Greenl.— 

 Va —Colo.— Alaska; Eurasia. Submont. Subalp. Je-Au. 



3 F* vallicola Rydb. Stem 4-10 dm. high, slender, light-colored, smooth 

 and shining; leaf-blades all filiform, 5-10 cm. long; panicle narrow, about o cm. 

 Ions- spikelets 4-7-flowered, 8-10 mm. long; lemma about o mm^ long, lanceo- 

 late, indistinctly 5-7-nerved, smooth or minutely scabrous; awn 2-4 mm. long. 

 Meadows: Mont.— Wyo. SuhmonL Jl-Au. ^ , , ^. . 



4 F. Earlei Rydb. Stem about 3 dm. high, very slender; basal Jeaf-bades 

 5-lo'cm. long, strongly involute, 0.5 mm. wide or less; stem-leaves 3-D cm. long, 



