SEDGE FAMILY 131 



beak 



species radical and long-peduncled. Lowest bract squamiform or leaflet-like, 

 sheathless or sub-sheathing. Scales often reddish brown tinged, acute to cus- 

 pidate. Perigynia membranaceous, ascending, the body pubescent, at least at 

 the base of the beak, obovoid to elliptic, triangular, 2-keeled, strongly stipitate 

 at the base, abruptly contracted into a cjlindric or terete, emarginate to deepl> 

 bidentate beak, hyaline-tipped. Achenes normally triangular, the sides concave, 

 closely enveloped, short-apiculate. Style short, jointed with apex of achcne, 

 thickish. Stigmas normally 3, long. 



81. C. heliophila Mackenzie. Culms 12-25 cm. high; leaf-blades 1-2 mm. 

 wide; lowest bract squamiform; pistillate spikes 1-2 (rarely 3), subglubose, 

 5-15-flowered; perigynia 3.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, orbicular in cross-section, the 



deeply bidentate, in age strongly hyaline-tipped. "C. pennsylvanica 

 vespertina Bailey," Fl. Colo. Prairies and plains: Man. — 111. — Mo. — N.M.— 

 Colo. Plains — Submont. Je-S. 



82. C. Peckii E. C. Howe. Loosely cespitose, the culms 1.25-6 dm. high; 

 leaf-blades 3 mm. wide or less; lowest bract short; staminate spike sessile, 3 mm. 

 long or less; pistillate spikes 2-4, subglobose, 2-S-flowered, closely contiguous 

 or the lower a little separate; perigj-nia oblong-obovoid, 3-4 mm. long, 1 mm. 

 wide, grayish-pubescent, the beak one-fourth the length of the body; scales 

 (except lower) half the length of the perigj-nia, reddish bro-wm, with broad white 

 hyaline margins. " C . albicans ^Y iM . " authors. Open woods: Que.— Mass.— 

 N.Y.— Mich.— (Black Hills) S.D.— Alaska. 



83. C. umbellata Schkuhr. Densely cespitose; culms up to 1.5 dm. high, 

 much exceeded by leaves; leaf-blades 1.5-3 mm. wide; non-basal pistillate spike 

 usuaUy present, oblong, globose; basal spike oblong; perigynia 2.2»-3.2o mm. 

 long, 1.25 mm. wide, rounded-triangular in cross-section, the beak obscurely- 

 bidentate, less than half the length of the body; achenes light bro^^^l. C. 

 umbellata var. brcvirostris Boott. Dry sunny places: Que.— Del.— Alta.—B.O. 

 Plains — Submont. Ap-Jl. 



84. C. deflexa Hornem. Loosely stoloniferous; culms very slender, 2-12 

 cm. high; leaf-blades 1-2 mm. wide; staminate spike mconspicuous, 2-4 mm 

 long, 0.5-1 mm. wide; pistillate spikes subglobose 2--8-fiowered; pengj-nia 1 

 mm. wide, nearly orbicular in cross-section. Dry soil: Greenl.— A . 1 .— .uicn.— 

 Sask.— B.C.— Alaska. Boreal My-Au. 



85. C. Rossii Boott. Rootstock stout; culms wiry, 5-25 cm. high; leaf- 

 blades 1-2.5 mm. wade; staminate spike usually conspicuous 3-10 mm. long, 1 

 mm. wide; pistillate spikes globose to short-oblong, 2-12-flowered; perigjTua 

 up to 3.4 ilim. long, 1.25 mm. wide, nearly orbicular in cross-section. Dry soil. 

 Mich.— Colo.— Calif.— B.C. Submont.Subalp. Ap-Au. 



27. DiGiTATAE Fries. Culms slender, leafy at the base. Leaf-blades nar- 

 row, the sheaths usually strongly purplish. Terminal spike hnear staminate 

 Lateral spikes 1-5, approximate, or separated or sometimes radical oblong to 

 linear, 5-20-flowered iA few rows, the pedimcles included ^^ fl^,^*^^;, ^^f^^S^ 

 sheathing, more or less strongly purplish tmged, ^"bspathaceous the blade 

 absent or rudimentary. Pistillate scales strongly purptshc^r re^ddish brown 

 tinged. PerigjTiia membranaceous, appressed, oblong-obovoid, pubescent to 

 glabrate, triafgular, long-tapering into the stipitate base, ^^^tly contracted 

 mto the minute beak, the orifice entire or nearly so. Achenes triangular, closely 

 enveloped. Style-base short, thickened, jointed \^ 

 Stigmas 3, early deciduous. 



86. C. pedunculata Muhl. Densely matted, rather bright green; culms 

 slender, diffSrstrongly purple tinged at the base, 7-3 dm ong. ka^blac^e 

 2-3 mm. wide; terminal spike long-stalked usually pistillate ^^ the b^e ^ateral 

 spikes few-flowered, fiUform-stalked, spreading or droopmg, scattered some a^ 

 p^aring basal; peri^-nia sharply 3-angled, puberulent or ^^..^g^^lf^^f^' ^^S" 

 tate, tipped with a minute entire beak; scales obovate, purphsh with green "iid- 

 rib, abruptly cuspidate. Dry woods: Anticosti— \ a.— la.— e B.U. My Ji. 



with 



