176 IRIDACEAE 



vate; filaments shorter than the style; fruit 7-^ mm. thick. Sisyrinchium 

 grandiflorum Dougl. Wet meadows: B.C.— Ida.— Utah— CaUf. Son.—Submont. 

 Mr-Je. 



2. IRIS L. Blue Flag, Fleur-de-lis. 



Herbs, with creeping, horizontal rootstocks. Leaves sword-shaped or Unear. 

 Flowers sohtary or in terminal panicles. Sepals and petals highly colored, in 

 ours blue, the former spreading or recurved, the latter usually smaller and erect. 

 Stamens 3; filaments adnate below to the base of the sepals. Ovary 3-celled; 

 styles petal-Uke, arching over the stamens; stigmas under the usually 3-lobed 

 tips. Ovules numerous. Capsule elongated, 3- or 6-angled. Seeds in 1 or 2 

 rows, vertically flattened. 



1. I. missouriensis Nutt. Stem 2-10 dm. high, about 5 mm. in diameter; 

 leaves 1-5 dm. long, 5-10 mm. broad; perianth pale blue, variegated, glabrous, 

 crestless; sepals broadly oblanceolate, about 8 cm. long; petals oblanceolate, 

 ascending, about 6 cm. long; capsule oblong-elliptic, about 4 cm. long and 1.5 

 cm. thick, 6-ridged. /. pelogonus Goodding. Meadows, marshes and along 

 streams: N.D.—N.M.— Calif.— B.C. Plain— Mont. My-JL 



Family 29. ORCHIDACEAE. Orchis Family. 



Perennial herbs, usually succulent, with corms, bulbs, or rootstocks, and 

 tuberous or fibrous roots. Flowers perfect, irregular. Sepals 3, similar or 

 nearly so, the lower two sometimes united. Petals 3; the two lateral ones 

 similar; the median one (the lip) usually very dissimilar, sometimes pro- 

 longed below into a spur, usually inferior by twisting of the ovary. Stamens 

 3, of w^hich 1 or 2 are abortive, adnate to the pistil and forming a column. 

 Fertile anthers usually solitary, in a few genera 2, usually 2-celled, contain- 

 ing 2-3 waxy or powdery pollinia, these pollen-masses usually stalked and 

 often attached at the base to a viscid gland. Gynoecium of 3 united car- 

 pels; ovary inferior, 1-celled, twisted. Capsule 3-valved. Seeds numerous. 

 Endosperm wanting. 



Fertile stamens 2 ; 

 Seoals distinct 



Criosanthes 

 Cypripedium 



Lower sepals united; lip rounded-saccate. 2. 



Fertile stamen 1. 



Pollinia caudate at the base, attached to a \'iscid disk or gland. 



Glands eaclosed in a pouch-like fold; lip 3-lobed. 3. Obchis. 



Glands not eaclosed in a pouch. 



Gland surrounded by a thin membrane; lip toothed at the apex. 



4. COELOGLOSSUM. 



Gland naked; lip entire. 



Sepals 3-5-nerved; plants with rootstock or flbro-fleshy roots. 



Stem scapiforra; leaves 1-2, basal; anther-sacks divergent; plants in 



ours with rootstocks. 

 Basal leaves 2; ovary straight. 5. Lysias. 



Basal leaf 1 ; ovarj- arcuate. 6, Lysiella. 



Stem leafy; anther-cells parallel or nearly so; plants with fleshy-fibrous 



roots. 7. LIMNORCHIS. 



Sepals 1-nerved; plants with rounded or oblong, xmdivided biennial corms. 



ft PlPERTA 



Pollinia not produced into caudicles, 

 Pollinia granulose or powdery. 



Anthers operculate; leaves alternate. 



Green plants, with large leaves. 9. Sekapias. 



Plant white, turning brownish; leaves reduced, scale-like, 



10. Eburophyton. 

 Anthers not opercxilate. 



Leaves green, borne on the stem. 



Leaves alternate: spike mostly twisted. 11, Ibidium. 



Leaves 2, opposite; spike not twisted. 12. Ophrys. 



Leaves usually white-reticulate, basal. 13. Peramium. 



Pollinia smooth or waxy. 



Plants with corms or solid bulbs, rarely with coralloid roots ; leaves not scale- 

 like. 



