ORCHIS FAMILY 181 



distinct, strongly keeled, Lateral petals distinct, ovate. Lip free, not spurred, 

 concave below, constricted in the middle, the terminal portion dilated and 

 petal-like. Column short. Fertile anther 1, erect, operculate; its sacs con- 

 tiguous. PoUinia granulose, 2-parted, becoming attached to the beaked stigma. 

 [Epipaclis R. Br.] 



1. S, gigantea (Dougl.) A. A. Eat. Stem 3-10 dm. high, nearl> glabrous, 

 pubcrulcnt m the inflorescence; lower leaves ovate, sessile, the upper narrowlv 

 lanceolate, 5-20 cm. long, acute or acuminate; flowers 3-10, greenish, veined with 

 purple; lip 15-18 mm. long; the terminal portion ovate-lanceolate, many-crested; 

 capsule oblong, 15 mm. long. Epipaclis giganlea Dougl. Rich woodlands : Mont. 

 — w Tex. — Calif. — B.C. Son, — Submoni. Je-Au. 



10. EBURdPHYTON Heller. 



Saprophytic perennial herb, with branched creeping rootstock; whole plant 

 white, leafless, scarious-bracted. Flowers racemose, almost sessile. Lateral 

 sepals horizontally spreading, larger than the upper sepal and the petals, strongly 

 keeled, somewhat concave. Upper sepal and petals erect, less strongly keeled. 

 Lip free, shorter than the sepals, the saccate base with broad wing-like margins, 

 articulate at the middle, with a callosity on each side; outer internode curved 

 outward and downward, concave, grooved. Column twice as long as the anther. 

 Stigma beakless. Pollen-masses not attached to the gland. 



1. E. Austinae (A. Gray) Heller. Stem 3-6 dm. high; perianth about 12 

 mm. long; distal portion of the lip suborbicular; nerves in center wavy-crested; 

 column 4 mm. long. Chloraea Austinae A. Gray. Cephalanthera oregana 

 Reich. Pine woods: Calif. — Ida. — Wash. Mont. Je^Jl. 



11. IBIDIUM Salisb. Ladies' Tkesses. 



■ 



Perennial herbs, with tuberous thickened or fleshy-fibrous roots. Leaves 

 alternate, in some sp>ecies mostly basal. Flowers in terminal spiral spikes. 

 Sepals distinct or coherent above or united with the similar lateral petals. Lip 

 concave, sessile or slightly clawed, bearing two callosities at the base. Column 

 oblique, arched. Fertile anther sohtary, erect, without a lid. Pollinia one in 

 each sac. Stigma with a beak. [Spiranthes L. C. Rich. Gyrostachjs Pers.] 



Callosities at the base of the lip obsolete; lower sepals coherent with the petals and upper 



sepals. 1. G. slrictum. 



Callosities nipple-shaped, directed downwards ; lower sepals free. 2. G. porrifolium. 



1. I. strictum (Rydb.) House. Stem 1.5-3.5 dm. high, glabrous; lower 

 leaves 7-20 cm. long, linear or linear-oblanceolate, the upper bract-hke; spike 

 5-10 cm. long, S-14 mm. thick, dense; flowers 3-ranked, white or greenish, 6-8 

 mm. long, fragrant; Up oblong, broad at the base, contracted below the dilated 

 crisp terminal portion. Gyroslachys slricta Rydb. Spiranthes Romanzoffiana 

 Coult., not Cham. Wet places and rich hillsides; Newf. — -Pa.— Colo. — Calif. 

 Alaska. Plain — Mont, My-S. 



2. I. porrifolium (Lindl.) Rydb. Stem 2-4 dm. high, slender, glabrous; 

 leaves narrowly oblanceolate or hnear, rather thick, 1-2 dm. long; spike 5-10 

 cm. long, 12-15 mm. thick, less dense; flowers greenish white; hp lanceolate, 

 scarcely dilated at the apex. Spiranthes porrifolia Lindl. Marshes: Wash. — 

 Ida.— Colo. — Calif. Submont. Je-Au. 



12. OPKaYS (Tourn.) L. Tway-blade, Twifole. 



Perennials, wath rootstocks and fleshy-fibrous roots. Leaves 2, opposite, near 

 the middle of the stem. Flowers in terminal racemes, greenish or purplish. 

 Sepals and lateral petals distinct, almost alike, reflexed. Lip notched or 2-cleft 

 at the apex, and often with a pair of teeth or auricles near the base. Fertile 

 anther 1, erect, jointed to the back of the column, without a Ud. Pollinia 2, 

 powdery, attached to a minute gland. Column wingless. [Listera R. Br.] 



