POPPY FAMILY 317 



Capsule opening by dentiform lids under the stigma. 5. Papaver 



^.fi^ i^"^ ^?/® '^"'^^^I developed; calyx cal>Dtrate, i. e., the two sepals wholly united 

 into a funnelform body, hfted oflf by the expanding petals; capsule elongate, 2-valved 

 usuaUy from the base to the apex. 6. Eschscholtzia. 



1. PLATYSTEMON Benth. Cream-cups. 



Small annuals, with opposite linear, entire leaves. Sepals 3, ovate, caducous. 

 Petals 6, rarely more, yellow or yellowish. Stamens numerous; filaments usually 

 dilated upwards, especially the outer ones; anthers hnear to oval, dehiscent 

 iateraUy. Pistils many, soon separate, torulose. Carpels in fruit moniliform 

 and usuaUy breaking up into 1-seeded joints. 



1. P. californicus Benth. Low annual, 1-3 dm. high, hispid with long 

 spreading hairs; leaves closely sessile, linear, obtuse, nerved; peduncles about 1 

 ^^- long or more; sepals varying from yellow to nearly white, l-2.5cm. long. In- 

 cludes P, rigiduhis, P. remotus, P. termini and two score or more species proposed 

 by Greene and Fedde. Desert and arid regions: CaUf.— s Utah— Ariz. L. Son. 



2. ARCTOMECON Torr. & Frem. 



Low, almost scapose annuals. Leaves basal or nearly so. Sepals 2. Petals 

 4, m age thin-scarious, persistent. Flowers perfect, drooping in the bud. Sta- 

 mens numerous. Styles short; stigmas united, cordate-bilobed, 3-6, usually 4. 

 Capsule ovoid or obovoid, 3-6-valved; valves alternating with the nerviform 

 placentae. Seeds oblong with sinuose coat, 



1. A. humilis Coville, Low annual, 1-2 dm, high; leaves erect, lanceolate, 

 usually 2-3-dentate at the apex, hirsute-cihate and sparsely villous; scape 1-3- 

 llowered; petals 4, suborbicular, white, about 18 mm. long; filaments flattened; 

 capsule 8 mm. long and 6 mm. thick; style short. Desert regions: Utah. Son. 



3, CHELIDONIUM (Tourn.) L. Celandine. 



Glabrous perennial herbs, with rootstocks. Leaves pinnately divided, 

 crenately lobed,^ alternate. Sepals 2, yellowish green. Petals 4, yellow, imbri- 

 cate in two series. Stamens many. Pistil formed of 2 carpels; ovary hnear; 

 style present; stigmas 2-lobed. Capsule linear, torulose, glabrous, 2-valved, 

 dehiscent from the base, separating from the persistent placentae. 



1. C. majus L. Stem 3-10 dm. high; leaf-segments 5-7, obovate-oblong, 

 crenately lobed; petals 7.5-10 mm. long, rounded; capsule 2-5 cm. long, 2-3 mm. 

 thick. Waste places: N.S.— N.C— Utah; adv. from Eu. Ap-S. 



4. ARGEMONE L. Prickly Poppy, Thistle Poppy. 



Annual or perennial herbs, or rarely shrubby, with yellow or white sap. 

 Leaves alternate, clasping, pinnatifid or lobed, the divisions spinose-tipped. 

 Flowers erect in bud, perfect. Sepals 2-3, hooded or horned, deciduous. Petals 

 4-^, showy, yellow or white. Stamens numerous; filaments slender. Ovary 

 With 4-6 nerviform placentae; stigma sessile; ovules numerous. Capsule oblong, 

 opening at the top by 4-6 valves. Seeds numerous, pitted; endosperm oilV. 

 [Enomegra A. Nels.] 



Oopolla yellow; leaves with light blotches. 1. A. mexicana. 



Corolla white; leaves not blotched. 

 Prickles of the fruit not squarrose. 



Stem unarmed, prickly, or bristly, but not hispidulous. 



Leaves acutely lobed; horns of the sepals glabrous. 2. A. intermedia. 



Leaves rouiid-lobed; horns of the sepals bristly. 3. A. rotundata. 



Stem hispidulous-pubescent as weU as densely prickly. 4. A, hispida 



i'rxckles of the fruit strong, recurved-spreading, squarrose. 5. A, squarrosa, 



. 1. A. mexicana L. Stem 3-6 dm. high, glabrous or sparingly prickly; leaves 



sinuate-pinnatifid, with spinulose dentate lobes; flowers sessSe; calyx slightly 



bristly, its horns terete, glabrous, with stout spines; petals yellow, 1.5-2.5 cm, 



long; capsule eUipsoid, 2.5-3 cm. long, sparingly prickly, with stout spreading 



prickles. Hillsides, cultivated ground and waste places: W.Ind.— Fla.— Tex. 



.Am.; Africa, East Indies and Austraha. Cult, and escaped, reported from 

 Colo. Ja-D. 



