376 PARNASSIACEAE 



or oval, 6~10inm. long; capsule ovoid, about 1 cm. long. Wet places and swamps: 

 Lab.— Que.— S.D.— Colo.— Utah— Alta. Plain—Mont. Jl-S. 



6. P. Kotzebuei Cham. Leaf-blades broadly ovate or somewhat cordate, 

 1-2 cm. long; seape slender, about 1 dm. (seldom 2 dm.) high; staminodial scales 

 short, with 3-5 filiform short filaineuts; sepals oblong, 5-7 ram. long; capsule 

 ovoidj about 12 mm. long. Wet places: Greenl.— Que. — Wyo. — Alaska; ne 



Asia, Subalp, ' Jl-Au. 



Family 57. SAXIFRAGACEAE. Saxifrage Family.* 



Herbs, usuall}^ without stipules. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, often 

 all basal. Flowers perfect, regular or nearly so. Hypanthium often "well 

 developed, from flat to cylindric, often more or less adnate to the ovary. 

 Sepals 5, rarely 4, distinct. Petals as many or wanting. Stamens as many 

 or twice as many as the sepals, in one genus only 3. Gynoecium of 2, 

 rarely of 3 or 4, carpels, more or less united, rarely wholly distinct; placentae 

 parietal, basal, or axial. Fruit a capsule or follicles. 



Placentae parietal, sometimes nearly basaL 



Flo\vers solitary and axillary to leaf-like bracts, or 2-4 in small corymbs, each sub- 

 tended by a leaf-like bract ; sepals 4 ; petals wanting. 1. Chrysosplenixjm, 

 Flowers in more or less elongate racemes or panicles. 



GjTioecium of 2 or 3 equal or essentially equal carpels. 



Flower-stalk axial, from a slender bulbiferous rootstock; gynoecium 3-carpel- 



lary. 2. Lithophragma. 



Flower-stalk a lateral sboot from a stout scaly rootstock; gynoecium 2-carpel- 



lary. 

 Inflorescence racemose. 



Petals pinnately cleft or pinnatifid. 



Hypanthium deeply campanulate or urn-shaped, deeper than th^ 



length of the sepals; capsule tapering into a beak. 



3. Telllma." 

 Hypanthium saucer-shaped or open campanulate, shallower than 



the length of the sepals; capsules abruptly beaked or beakless. 

 Ovary more than half superior; disk inconspicuous; stigmas 



entire, terminating distinct styles. 

 Stamens 10; placentae almost basal, bearing few ovules. 



4. MITELL.^, 



Stamens 5; placentae parietal, bearing many o\ailes. 



5. MITELLASTKA. 



Ovary wholly inferior, covered with the prominent disk; stigmas 

 sessile, 2-lobed; stamens 5. 6. Pectiaxtia. 



Petals entire, toothed or 3-cleft above; stamens 5. 



Hypanthium campanulate during anthesis; ovary half inferior. 



7. OZOMELIS. 



Hypanthium turbinate during anthesis; ovary almost wholly in- 

 ferior. 8. OONIMITELL-\. 



Inflorescence paniculate; stamens 5; petals broadened upward. 



9. Heuchera. 



Gynoecium of 2 very unequal carpels. 10. Tiarella. 



Placentae axial. 



Hypanthium •well-developed, and accrescent, at maturity longer than the sepals. 

 Stamens 5. 



Plants with short bulblet-bearing rootstocks; flower-stalk axial. 



Ovary half inferior; blade of the basal leaf ternately divided; stamens 



borne on the outer edge of a thickened disk. 11. Hemieva. 



Ovary two-thirds inferior or more; blade of the basal leaf merely crenate; 

 disk obsolete. 12. Stjksdorfia. 



Plants with horizontal rootstocks; flower-stalk a lateral shoot. 



Sepals imbricate; petals marcescent; seeds winged. 13. Sullivaxtia. 

 Sepals valvate; petals deciduous; seeds wingless. 14. Therofon. 

 Stamens 10. 



Petals clawed; styles partially united; plants with thick rootstocks. 



15. Telesonix. 

 Petals clawless; styles distinct; plants with slender rootstocks, often with oflP- 



sets. 



Plants without caudices, producing only annual flowering stems. 



_ ■ .^ 16. S.AXIFR.\GA. 



Plants with perenmal very leafy caudices. often with offsets, the floweriag 



stems very different from the caudices. 



♦ Adapted and abbreviated from SmaU & Rydberg in Xorth American Flora, Vol. 22, 



