634 ARALIACEAE 



oval or ovate, acuminate, finely serrate, 5-13 cm. long; peduncles 2-3 dm. loi 

 flowers greenish; fruit globose, purplish black. Woods: Newi.— N.C.— Colo 

 Ida. — B.C. Submont. — Mont, My-Je. 



2. ECHINOPANAX Dec. & Planch. Devil's Club, Devil's 



Walking-stick. 



Prickly shrubs. Leaves simple, palmately lobed. Flowers in paniculate 

 umbels. Calyx-teeth obsolete. Petals 5, greenish, valvate in the buds. Sta- 

 mens 5; filaments filiform; anthers oblong. Ovary 2-celled, rarely 3-celled. 

 Styles usually 2, filiform. Fruit laterally flattened. [Falsia Benth. & Hook., 

 m part, not Dec. & Planch.] 



_ 1. E. horridum (J. E. Smith) Dec. & Planch. A shrub, 1-4 m. high, densely 

 prickly, leafy above; leaf-blades nearly orbicular in outline, 1.5-6 dm. broad, 

 cordate at the base, palmately 3-7-lobed, with scattered prickles on both sides, 

 sharply serrate; inflorescence terminal, 1-3 dm. long; fruit 4-5 mm. long, scarlet. 

 F. homda Benth. & Hook. Rocky woods: Mich.— Mont.— Ore.— Alaska. 

 Boreal — Mont, Je. 



Family 95. CORNACEAE. Dogwood Family. 



Shrubs or trees, rarely perennial herbs. Leaves alternate or opposite, 

 without stipules, often firm, usually entire. Flowers perfect or unisexual, 

 m c>Tnos or heads, or the staminate ones in ament-like spikes. Sepals 4 or 

 5, Petals 4 or 5, or rarely numerous, imbricate or valvate, inserted at the 

 base of the epigynous disk, or wanting. Stamens as many as the petals; 

 anthers attached at the base or the back. Gynoecium of 1-4 united car- 

 pels; styles united; stigmas entire, lobed, or cleft. Ovules usually solitary 

 in each cavity, anatropous, pendulous. Fruit a drupe; stone 1-4-celled. 

 Endocarp fleshy. 



Flowers dioecious; stigmas lateral; staminate flowers in ament-like spikes. 



Flowers perfect, cymose or umbeUate; stigmas terminal. 



l* lowers m open cymes, not subtended by an involucre; shrubs. 



Flowers in head-Uke umbels, subtended by an involucre of 4 white leaves ; herbs with 

 rootstocus. 3 chamaepericlimenttm. 



1. GARRYA A. Gray. 



Shrubs, with 4-angled branches. Leaves opposite, persistent, entire or 

 slightly lobed. Flower dioecious; the staminate ones in ament-like spikes, with 

 4 narrow sepals, no petals, 4 stamens, and a rudimentary pistil. Pistillate 

 flowers with 2 sepals, and 1-celled ovary, 2 stigmas, and 2 pendulous ovules, 

 l^ruit drupaceous, with persistent styles. Seeds 3, rarely 1, flattened. 



1. G. flavescens S. Wats. Shrub 1-3 m. high, branched from the base; 

 bark gray or that of the young branches yellow; leaves short-petioled; blades 

 obovate or oblanceolate, or oval, 3-5 cm. long, appressed-pubescent on both 

 sides, becoming glabrate above, paler beneath; fruit 6-8 mm. long, densely 

 grayish pubescent. Rocky hills and cafions: s Utah— Ariz.— Ne v. Son. My. 



2. SVIDA Opiz. Cornel, Dogwood, Kinnikinnik. 



Shrubs or trees, with hard wood and mostly opposite branches. Leaves 

 opposite or rarely alternate, entire. Flowers perfect in naked, open, dichoto- 

 mous cymes Sepals 4, usually small. Petals 4, valvate, white. Stamens 4; 

 hiaments filiform or subulate. Ovary 2-celIed, or rarely 5-celled. Fruit dru- 

 paceous, with thm pulp; stone bony, usually 2.celled. Seeds flattened. [Cornus 

 L,, m part.] 



villous 



Ling uickinjiitas auu innorescence villous. 



Leav^ broadly oval or ovate, the larger obtuse at the base, densely villous beneath 

 inflorescence long-viUous ; stone usuaUy broader than long. 1. S. pubescens. 



