DOGWOOD FAMILY 635 



Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute at the base, silky beneath or slightly villous 

 on and near the veins; inflorescence short-villous; stone as long as broad or longer. 



2. S. interior. 



Young branches appressed-strigose op nearly glabrous. 3. S. instolonea. 



1. S. pubescens (Nutt.) Standi. Shrub 2-4.5 m. high; branches smooth, 

 purplish; leaves oval or ovate, usually somewhat acuminate, strigose above, 

 villous beneath, 3-12 cm. long; sepals minute; fruit white; stone compressed, 

 mostly oblique, 4 mm. high, 5 mm. broad, furrowed on the edge, the sides usually 

 with ridges. Cornus pubescens Nutt. C, occidentalis Coville. Along streams 

 and in wet places: Calif. — Ida. — B.C. SubmonL My-JI. 



2. S. interior Rydb. A shrub, 2-5 m. high; bark of the old stems grayish; 

 leaves elliptic or oval, acute at both ends, 5-9 cm. long, finely short-strigose on 

 both sides and more or less villous on the veins and in their angles beneath; 

 sepals minute; fruit white, about 5 mm. in diameter ; stone elliptic, slightly oblicjue, 

 longer than broad, nearly smooth. River banks: N.D.— Kans. — Colo. 

 Yukon. Plain — Suhmont, Je-Jl. 



3. S, instolonea A. Nels. Shrubs, 2-5 m. high, not stoloniferous; bark 

 of the old stems gray; yoimg twigs brownish; leaves usually oval or elliptic, 

 acute, thin, light green and less pale beneath than in the eastern S. stolonifera, 

 lanceolate to oval, acute or short-acuminate, obtuse or acute at the base, strigose 

 on both sides, 3-12 cm. long; fruit white; stone higher than broad, 5 mm. long, 

 3-3.5 mm. broad, smooth. S. stolonifera riparia Rydb. River banks: Man.— 

 Kans.—N.M.—Cahf.— Alaska. Plain— MonL My-Jl. 



3. CHAMAEPERICLIMENUM Aschers. & Graebn. Bunchberry. 



Low perennial herbs, with rootstocks. Leaves opposite, or the upper whorled* 

 entire. Flowers perfect in close head-like clusters, subtended by 4 petal-like 

 bracts. Sepals 4, tipped each with a short deciduous bristle. Petals 4, valvate. 

 Stamens 4. Ovary 2-ceIled, sessile. Ovules sohtary in each cell. Drupe globidar, 

 red; stone 2-celled. [Cornelia Rydb.] 



Flowers greenish; stone smooth, higher than broad. 1. C, canadense. 



Flowers purple; stone ridged on each side, as broad as long. 2. C unalaschkense. 



1. C. canadense (L.) Aschers. & Graebn. Stem simple, 6-20 cm. high; 

 leaves subsessile, mostly in an apparent whorl of 4-6 at the summit, oval, ovate, 

 or obovate, acute at each end, 3-7 cm. long, and a pair of smaller ones at about 

 the middle of the stem; bracts 4, white or cream-colored. Cornus canadensis L. 

 Cornelia canadensis Rydb. Woods: Lab.— X.J.— Minn.— N.M.— Calif. — Alaska. 

 Submont, — Mont. My-Au. 



2. C, unalaschkense (Ledeb.) Rydb. Stem 10-15 cm. high, simple, 

 rarely branched; leaves usually subverticillate at the summit, with two smaller 

 ones below, or sometimes in pairs, oval, ovate, or obovate, acute at each end; 

 bracts 4, white, ovate, 8-18 mm. long; petals purple or at least purple-tipped; 

 fruit 4-8 mm. in diameter, red. Cornus unalaschkensis Ledeb. C canadensis 

 intermedia Farr. Woods: Alaska— B.C. Boreal— Mont, My-Je. 



Family 96. PYROLACEAE. Wixtergreen Family. 



Perennial, mostly evergreen herbs, with elongated rootstocks. Leaves 

 basal or crowded on the short stem or a^t the end of the branches, thick and 

 leathery, entire or toothed. Flowers perfect, often slightly irregular, in 

 racemes or corjTiibs. Sepals 4-5, persistent. Petals 4-5, wax-like. Sta- 

 mens twice as many as the petals; filaments usually subulate; anthersin- 

 trorse, becoming inverted in anthesis, opening by pores or slits. ^Gynoecium 

 of 4 or 5 united carpels; ovary superior, 4- or 5-celled; styles united; stigma 

 5-lobed. Capsule loculicidal. valvate. Seeds minute, numerous. 



Plants leafy-stemmed; flowers cor>inbose; style very short and ending in the peltate 

 stigma; filaments dilated and hairy at the middle. ^. 1. CHnLVPHiL,\. 



Plant scapose, with a basal rosette of leaves; flowers racemose or sohtary; style e-vadent; 



filaments subulate, naked. 



