k 



714 BORAGINACEAE 



as well as on the margins. Pedocarya setosa A. Gray. Sandy hills and canons: 

 Ore. — Ida. — Ariz. — Calif. Son. My-Je. 



3. CYNOGLdSSUM (Tourn.) L. Hound's Tongue. 



Annual, biennial, or perennial caulescent herbs. Leaves alternate, entire^ 

 mostly decurrent, pubescent. Flowers perfect, regular, in scorpioid racemes. 

 Calyx w^ith 6 spreading or reflexed lobes, slightly accrescent in age. Corolla white, 

 blue, or pin-ple, salverform or funnelform; tube short; throat closed by 5 scales; 

 lobes 5, imbricate. Stamens 5, included. Nutlets 4, flat, distinct, equally 

 divergent, armed with short barbed prickles, attached by an oval or rounded 

 scar at the upper end to a flat or low-pyramidal receptacle. 



Soft pubescent; lower leaf-blades oblong or spatulate; stem-leaves lanceolate; inflores- 

 cence many-flowered, and leafy. 3. C. officinale. 



Hispidulous; lower leaf-blades oval; stem-leaves oblong-ovate, clasping; inflorescence 

 few-flowered and naked. 2. C. boreale. 



1. C. officinale L. Biennial; stem 6-8 dm. long, softly pilose, somewhat 

 canescent; basal leaves petioled; blades 1-3 dm. long, velvety-pilose; racemes 

 panicled; calyx-lobes oval or oblong; corolla dull red, rarely white, 7-10 mm. 

 broad; nutlets depressed on the back, margined, about 7 mm. long; prickles in 

 4-6 rows on the margins and scattered on the back. Pastures and waste places: 

 Que.— N.C—Kans.— Utah— Mont.; nat. from Eu. My-Jl. 



^ 2. C. boreale Fernald. Perennial; stem 4r-8 dm. high, hirsute and the 

 mflorescence strigose; basal leaves long-petiolcd; blades 1-3 dm. long, hispid; 

 racemes geminate; fruiting pedicels spreading, recurved; calyx strigose, 2-2.5 mm. 

 long; lobes ovate; corolla blue, 6-8 mm. wide; nutlets ovoid-pyriform, 4-5 mm. 

 long, glochidiate-prickly all over. Woods: N.B.— Mass.— n Mich.— B.C. Je-Jl- 



LAPPULA 



Beggar Ticks. 



Annual, biennial, or perennial caulescent herbs. Leaves alternate, entire, 

 narrow, pubescent. Flowers perfect, regular, in terminal scorpioid racemes.- 

 Cal}Tc with 5 narrow lobes, slightly if at all accrescent. Corolla salverform, blue 

 or white; tube very short; throat closed bv 5 scales; lobes 5, imbricate, obtuse. 

 Stamens 5, included; filaments very shor£ Fruit of 4, finally distinct nutlets, 

 t^ese with barbed prickles along the edge, and sometimes with smaller ones on 

 the dorsal faces, muricate on the sides, obliquely attached by the inner angle to 

 a corneal receptacle. [Echinospermum Sw.J 



Inflorescence leafy-bracted only at the base; bracts minute above; gynobase short- 



idal; scar of the nutlets ovate or triangular; perennials or biennials. 



Mai^inal prickles free to th 



Corolla 1.5-3 mm. wide. 



Leaves thin; stem-lcc 



Fruit about 3 nm 



Fnilb about 5 mn 



1. I/, americana 



^ 2. L. kptophylla. 



Leaves firmer; stem-leaves oblanceolate to linear; fruit about 3 mm. wide, 

 not prickly on the back. 3. L. Besscyi. 



Corolla 4-12 mm. wide; leaves firmer. 



Fomices of the coroHa glabrous or papillose. 

 Formces broader than long; corolla blue. 



Foliage rather softly pubescent: stem leafy throughout. 



Corolla 4-G mm. broad; nutlets without prickles on the back. 



4. L. florihunda. 



Corolla 8-10 mm. broad; nutlets with a few prickles on the back. 

 ^ ,. 5. L. diffusa. 



Foliage hirsute; hairs with pustulate bases; stem very leafy at the base, 

 few-leaved above, 0. L. gracilenta. 



Formces as long as broad; corolla white; foliage harshly jiapillose-scabrous. 

 _ . ^ 7. L. trachyphylla 



I'omices of the corolla pubescent; nutlets with about 10 prickles on the back. 

 Corolla tinged with blue; appendages long-hirsute. 8. L. coerulescens. 

 ^ Corolla white; appendages pilose. 9. L. subdecumbens . 



Margmal prickles united for one-third to one-half their length into a distinct wmg. 

 Hack of the nutlets strongly muricate and with prickles. 



Corolla blue; pubescence ftne, appressod. 10. L. ciliata. 



CoroUa white; pubescence hirsute. 11. L, cinerea. 



