810 ' RUBIACEAE 



J 



thium of the sterile flowers puberulent or with a few long hairs; carpels, with hairs, 



4r-7 mm. m diameter. Barren hills and mountains: Utah— Wash.— Calif. Sub- 

 mont. 



A^j' *^- .stellatum Kellogg. Stem mtricately branched, woody at the base, 

 1-4 dm. high; leaves 1-ribbed, 4-10 mm. long, very firm; cymes of the sterile 

 plants 3-5-flowered, those of the fertile ones 1-3-flowered, with very short pedi- 

 cels; corolla white, 1.5 mm. in diameter; hypanthium in both kinds of flowers 

 hairy, but longer so in the fertile ones; carpels in fruit, with hairs, 3-4 mm. in 

 diameter. Arid regions: Utah— Ariz.- CaUf.— L. Calif. Son. 



3. RUBIA L. Madder. 



Perennial herbs, often woody below. Leaves apparently verticillate as in 

 iralium. llowers m axillary and terminal 

 late, 5-lobed. Styles 2, connate at the has 

 or globose, succulent. 



cymes. Corolla rotate or campanti- 

 stigmas capitate. Fruit didymous 



^ 1- R. tinctorum L. Stem about 1 m. high, armed with small hooked 

 prickles on the angles; leaves lanceolate, retrorse-prickly on the ribs and margins; 

 tlowers bright yellow; lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute; berry subglobose, black, the 

 size of a pea. Waste places: Utah: adv. from thp MAHitprmnPfiTi rAmoTi. 



Je-Au. 



Family 123. CAPRIFOLIACEAE. Honeysuckle Family. 



Shrubs, trees, vines, or perennial herbs, with opposite leaves and perfect, 

 regular or irregular flowers, mostly in cymes. Stipules generally none, 

 l^alyx 3-5-Iobed or 3-5-toothed. Corolla gamopetalous, from rotate to 

 tubular, often gibbous at the base; limb 5-lobed and sometimes 2-lipped. 

 fetamens 5, m Linnaea only 4, adnate to the corolla and alternate with its 

 lobes; anthers versatile. Ovary inferior, enclosed in the hypanthium, 1-6- 

 celled. ^ Fruit a 1-6-celled berry, drupe, or capsule. Ovules anatropous. 

 beed with a fleshy albumen; embryo small. 



^*^'^® ^^P^7 3-5-cleft: shrubs or trees with compound cymose inflorescence and drupace- 



Leaves pinnate ; ovary 3-5-reUed, each cell with one ovule. 1 . S.VMBUCUS. 



^f^^lf^Z%^^^^^^J-^y?'^7 l-ceUed and 1-ovuled. 2. Viburnum. 



bt>Je slender, undivided; stigma capitate. 



iraiimg evergreen herb; flowers long-peduncled. geminate; stamens 4, didynamous. 



biirubs; stamens generally 5. 

 Fnut a few-seeded berry. 



Corolla rarely gibbous at the base, regular or nearly so; fruit 2-seeded. 



o^ „ ,^^ , 4. SYMPIlORtCARPOS. 



corolla gibbous at the base, mostly irregular and bilabiate; fruit several-seeded, 

 blowers m heads at the ends of the branches or in verticils in the upper axils r 



upper leavas connate; vines. 5. LoNlCER^v. 



i' lowers m pairs on axillary pedimcles; leaves not connate; erect shrubs. 

 Bracts and bractlets minute, not fohaceous; berries of the two flowers 



more or less united. 6. Xylosteon. 



Bracts and bractlets foUaceous; berries of the two flowers distinct. 



Fruit a 2-ceUed capsifle; corolla sUghtly gibbous and somewhat irregular." 



8. DlER\^LL.\. 



1. SAMBtJCUS (Tourn.) L. Elder. 



Shrubs or trees with opposite^ odd-pinnate leaves, large pith in the young 

 oranches, small whitish flowers m compound cymes. Hypanthium ovoid or 

 turDinate. Calyx-lobes minute, generally 5. Corolla rotate or saucer-shaped, 

 regular, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, inserted at the base of the corolla; anthers oblong. 

 C)tyie short, 3-5-cleft ; ovary and berry-like drupe 3-5-celled, each cell containing 



ovule 



Cyme not flat-topped, thj-rsoid- panic 

 i^nut red or rarely yeUow. 



Young branches, inflorescence 



1. S. pubens 



