VALERIAN FAMILY 821 



oblique, about 5 mm. wide. Mountains; Wyo. — N.M. — Utah. Mont. — Alp, 

 Je-Au. 



11» V. occidentalis Heller. Stem 5-8 dm. high, glabrous or sparingly 

 puberulent; basal leaves petioled, thin, simple, elliptic or spatulate, entire, 2-8 

 mm. long; stem-leaves 2-4 pairs, pinnate, with 3-9 leaflets, those of the lower 

 leaves elliptic, those of the upper narrowly lanceolate; inflorescence ojpen; 

 corolla white, of the pistillate flowers, 3-3.5 mm. long, 3-4 mm. broad; fruit 

 glabrous, 5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. Wet places in the mountains: Mont. — Colo. 

 — Utah — Wash. — B.C. Submont. — MonL Je-Au. 



12. V. Scouleri Rydb. Stem glabrous; basal leaves simple or 3-5-foliolate; 

 blade or terminal leaflet obovate or orbicular, the lateral ones elliptic; stem-leaves 

 3-7-f oUolate ; leaflets oval or elliptic or those of the upper leaves lanceolate; 

 flowers usually perfect; corolla white; fruit glabrous, 6 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, 

 Wet places: B.C.— Alta.— Mont.— Ore. Submont— Mont, Je-Au, 



13. V. sitchensis Bong. Stem 4-7 dm. high, glabrous or nearly so; stem- 

 leaves 3-5-foholate; leaflets of the lower ones broadly ovate, of the upper lance- 

 olate, 5-8 cm. long, sparingly pilose or nearly glabrous; basal leaves similar or 

 simple, usually none at flowering time; cyme short and corymbiform; flowers 

 mostly perfect; fruit glabrous, 6 mm. long, 2 mm. broad. Wet places: Alaska 

 — Ore. — Ida. — Yukon, Submont, — Mont, Jl-Au. 



Family 128. ARISTOLOCHIACEAE. Birthw^ort Family. 



Perennial herbs or vines. Leaves alternate, or basal, petioled. Flowers 

 perfect, regular or irregular. Hypanthium usually w^ell developed, often 

 wholly enclosing the ovary. Calyx regular or irregular, mostly of 3 sepals, 

 Corolla wanting. Stamens 6 to many; filaments either free or adnate to 

 the style column. Styles united; ovary 4-6-celled; ovules many in each 

 cavity. Fruit a capsule. Seeds numerous; endosperm fleshy. 



1. ASARUM (Tourn.) L. Wild Ginger. 



Perennial acaulescent herbs, with elongate rootstocks. Leaves 2, basal, 

 petioled; blades cordate or reniform. Flowers perfect, regular, soUtary, on a 

 scape arising between the leaves. Hypanthium well developed, campanulate, 

 enclosing the ovary, angled. Sepals 3, inflexed in bud. Stamens 12, free. 

 Ovary inferior, 6-celled; styles 6, united. 



1. A. caudatum Lindl. Leaf-blades cordate-reniform, acutish at the apex, 

 sparingly pubescent on the veins, 5-10 cm. broad; peduncle 1-3 cm. long; calyx- 

 lobes lanceolate, caudate-attenuate, 2.5-5 cm. long. Woods and thickets: B.C. 

 — Ida. — Calif. SubmonL — Mont. Ap-Jl. . 



Family 129. CUCURBITACEAE. Gourd Family. 



Animal or perennial succulent herbs, traihng or climbing by means of 

 tendrils. Leaves alternate, palmately veined or lobed, usually rough-hairy. 



Flowers usually axillary, monoecious or dioecious. Calyx of 4-6, more or 

 less united sepals, imbricate. Corolla of as many petals which are more or 

 less united. Stamens 1-5, often 3, two with 2-celled and one with 1-celled 

 anthers; filaments distinct or united; anthers extrorse, often twisted. Gyiioc- 

 cium of' a compound pistil; ovary 1-3-cclled; styles terminal, united; stigma 

 thick, dilated, or ringed. Fruit a pepo (large fleshy or dry berry with thick 

 rind). Seeds usually numerous, flat and horizontal; endosperm wanting; 

 embryo straight, with thick cotyledons. 



seeds 



large, yellow, campanulate ; flowers solitar>^ in the axils. 1. Cucurbita. 



Fruif spiny, becbming'^papery and spongiose, 2~3-celled; seeds few; coroUa w^te rota^^^ 

 staoiinate flowers racemose or paniculate. ^ ^^ xvhciuvau i^Lih. 



