930 CARDUACEAE 



4 



elliptic, 1-2 dm. long, those of the stem-leaves oblaneeolate; heads solitary; invo- 

 lucre 2-2.5 cm. high, 5-6 cm. broad; bracts numerous, linear-lanceolate, acute 

 or acuminate, hirsute-ciliate on the margins and back; ligules 2-4 cm. long; pappus 

 coroniform or cleft into several teeth. Hills: Mont.— n Wyo.— Ore.— Wash. 

 Submont. My-Jl. 



2. W. amplexicaulis Nutt. Stem 3-6 dm. high, glabrous; basal leaves 



petioled, 3-4 dm. long; blades oblong, elliptic or lanceolate, denticulate or entire, 

 glossy, reticulate, glabrous; upper stem-leaves lanceolate or ovate, sessile or 

 somewhat clasping; involucres 2 cm. high, 2-4 cm. wide; bracts rather few, 

 broadly lanceolate, acute, glabrous, firm; ligules 3-4 cm. long; pappus coroni- 

 form, but cleft into distinct teeth. Moist valleys:' Mont.— Colo.— Utah— Ore. 

 — B.C. Submont, — Mo7d. My-Au. 



^ 3. W. robusta Nutt. Stem decumbent at the base, 3-4 dm. high, sparingly 

 hirsute; basal leaves 2-3 dm. long, short-petioled; blades oblaneeolate, acute, 

 sparmgly hirsutulous or scabrous; stem-leaves lanceolate and sessile; involucres 



5-2 



1-4 



VaUeys: Wash.— Ida.— Calif. Son. My-Jl. 



4. W. arizonica A. Gray. Stem 3-5 dm. high, rather copiously hirsute- 

 villous; basal leaves 2-4 dm. long, petioled; blades oblaneeolate or oblong-ob- 

 lanceolate, densely pubescent; upper stem-leaves sessile, ovate or lanceolate; 

 mvolucres about 2 cm. high, 3-4 cm. wide; bracts oblong-lanceolate, acute, hir- 

 sute and finely puberulent; ligules 3-5 cm. long; crown of pappus with teeth, 



and 1 or 2 awns. Mountains, along streams: N.M.— Colo.— Utah— Ariz. Sub- 

 mont, My-Au. 



6. W. scabra Hook. Stem leafy, hispidulous-scabrous, soon turning straw- 

 colored or white; leaves linear, very scabrous, 5-8 cm. long, 6^12 mm. wide; 

 mvolucres about 2 cm. high and 3 cm. broad; bracts linear-subulate, attenuate, 

 hispid-ciliate and hirsute; ligules 2.5-4 cm. long; pappus of 3-4 blunt teeth. Dry 

 plams : Wyo.— N.M.— Utah. Son.—SubmonL Je-S. 



73, HELIANTHUS L. Sun-flower, Ground Artichoke. 



Erect mostly branched annuals or perennials, with simple leaves and large, 

 peduncled,^ corj^nbose or solitary heads. Involucre hemispherical or depressed; 

 its bracts unbricated in several series. Receptacle flat or convex,- rarely conic, 

 with paleae subtendmg the disk-flowers. Ray-flowers neutral; ligules vellow, 

 spreading, mostly entire. Disk-flowers perfect, fertile; their corollas tubular, 

 yellow, browTi or purple. Anthers entire or minutely 2-toothed at the base. 

 Style-branches with hirsute appendages. Achenes more or less 4-angled and 

 somewhat compressed. Pappus of 2 scales or awns, sometimes with a few addi- 

 tional smaller intermediate ones, deciduous. 



uud-ift., it;^vt^5 uruaa, ovate or coraate or lanceolate; disk purple or dark brown. 



Bracts ciliate, hispid, ovate or obovate. abruptly acuminate. 



Lower leaves at least ovate or cordate, distinctly toothed. 1. H. %nlicularis. 

 Leaves lanceolate or narrowly deltoid, minutely toothed or entire. 



Bracts not ciliate, can^cent-strigose, lanceolate. ' 3! if! petiolaris. 



4. H. orgyalis. 



5. H. subrhomboideus. 



Perennials 



Disk dark brown or purple. 



Leaves linear. 



Leaves rhombic-ovate. 

 Disk yellow or Ught brownish. 



Bracts broadly lanceolate, acute, appressed. 6 H piimilus 



Bracts narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, more or less spreading or squarrose. 



i^l^ fanc'^late. ' '■ "■ '"^— " 



Leaves rounded or obtuse at the base» subsessUe. 8. H. divaricatus. 

 Leaves tampering at the base, petioled. 

 Stem more or less scabrous or hispid 



Leaves and stem very scabrous. ' " 9 If Maximiliani 



Leaves sca.brous above, hirsute beneath; stem more or less hirsute. 

 Upper leaves mostly alternate and indistinctly triple-nerved. 



10. H. giganteus. 



