Journal of Applied Microscopy. 



Journal of 

 Applied Microscopy. 



Issued Monthly from the Publication Department 



of the Bausch & Lomb Optical Co., 



Rochester, N. Y. 



L. B. ELLIOTT, Editor. 



Address all communications to 

 PUBLICATION DEPARTMENT, 



Bausch <fe Lome Optical Co., 



Rochester, N. Y. 



One Dollar per Year. To Foreign Countries, fl.25 

 per Year. 



Xntered at the Post-office, Rochester, 2f. Y., ae second-class matter. 



NOVEMBER, 1898. 



In reply to the numerous inquiries and 

 suggestions which have reached us, s-ince 

 the publication of the Journal began, in 

 regard to a change in the size of type 

 used, we are now able to announce that, 

 beginning with the January, 1899, num- 

 ber, the reading matter will be printed 

 in long primer type and the Journal 

 bound in regular magazine form. The 

 number of reading pages will also be 

 materially increased. This improved 

 form will permit the insertion of plates 

 in anj' part of the Journal and will make 

 its pages much more readable and pleas- 

 ing in appearance. 



The change involves a very consider- 

 able increase in the cost of publication, 

 but the hearty support received during 

 the past year will enable us to retain the 

 present price of subscription. 

 * * * 



A number of inquiries have been re- 

 ceived regarding the purpose of the 

 Journal Microscopical Directory. The 

 directory is designed to be a list of all 

 who are interested in the use of the 

 microscope for any purpose whatever 

 and who desire to place themselves in 

 position to consult with and be consulted 

 by others who are similarly interested. 

 The names already received include 

 workers in almost every branch of 

 science, the industries, and many who 

 use the microscope simply as a means of 

 education and recreation. 



* * * 

 Journal readers, when in Berjin, will 

 hereafter be able to obtain the latest 

 number at the Gebrueder Bornbraeger, 

 Schoneberger Str. 17a, Berlin S. W., with 

 whom we have completed arrangemonts 

 to keep a supply of all numbers on hand 

 and who will also receive subscriptions 

 to be mailed direct from their Berlin 

 office. 



Current Botanical Literature. 



Charles J. Chamberlain. 

 Books for review and separates of papers on bo- 

 tanical subjects should be sent to C. J. Chamberlain. 

 University of Chicago, Chicago, 111. 



REVIEWS. 



Juel, H. O. Parthenogenesis bei Antennaria al- 



pina. Bot. centralbl. 74 : 369-372, 18'J8. 



The delvelopment of an embryo from 

 an egg without fertilization is, to say the 

 least, a rare phenomenon in plants. In 

 Cryptogams the only well proven cases 

 are Chara crinita, species of Saprolegnia, 

 and perhaps Marsilia Drummondii. In 

 Phanerogams, parthenogenesis has been 

 reported in Coelobogyne ilicifolia, Mercu- 

 rialis annua, and Antennaria alpina. 



In Coelobogyne later researches show 

 that the embryo is not developed from an 

 egg cell, but from nucellus tissues. 

 Kerner assumed parthenogenesis in 

 Antennaria because female plants devel- 

 oped seed when no staminate plants were 

 in the vicinity. 



Juel reports that in Antennaria alpina 

 generally only female plants are to be 

 found, and that when male plants are 

 obtained the pollen is either entirely lack- 

 ing or feebly developed. The develop- 

 ment of the embryosac proceeds in the 

 normal manner as far as the eight-celled 

 stage. The antipodals then divide to 

 form quite a tissue, but the polar nuclei 

 do not fuse. Both polar nuclei divide 

 and contribute to the endosperm, so, like 

 the egg, they are capable of division 

 without the usual previous fusion. This 

 seems to be a perfectly established case 

 of parthenogenesis. 



C. J. C. 



Mottier, D. 31. Beitrage zur Kentniss der Kern- 

 theilung in don Pollenmutterzellen einiger 

 Dikotvlen and Monokotylen. Jahrb. f. wiss 

 bot. 30 : lf.y-204, 1897. 



This article contains an account of the 

 deservedly popular safranin-gentian vio- 

 let orange triple stain. Material was 

 fixed in Flemming's chromic-osmic-acetic 

 mixture, the proportions being as fol- 

 lows: 



1 per cent Chromic acid 16 c. c. 



2 per cent. Osmic acid 3 c. c. 



Glacial acetic acid Ice. 



Stain in safranin ten to twelve hours, 

 or over night, rinse in water, and then 

 in alcohol to which a slight trace of 

 hydrochloric acid has been added until 

 only nucleoli and chromosomes remain 

 red. Now stain in gentian violet three 

 to five minutes, carefully rinse in water, 

 and then stain in a weak, aqueous solu- 

 tion of orange G. for one quarter to one 

 minute. Dehydrate in absolute alcohol 

 and clear in clove oil. The clearing 

 should be watched under a microscope 

 lest the oil extract too much of the stain. 

 The washing out may be regulated by 



