and Laboratory Methods. 1665 



The mixture of alcohol and carbon-bisulphid must be renewed whenever 

 any fine grey particles appear; the glasses of pure sulphid must also be changed 

 when similar conditions appear. On the contrary, the paraffin-sulphid mixture 

 lasts for a long time. If the last parafiin has any sulphur in it the blocks will 

 crumble. a. m. c. 



Schaffer, Josef. Grundsubstanz, Intercellular- The author differs from Waldeyer's 

 substanz und Kittsubstanz. Anat. Anz.l9: recent paper (Arch. Mikr. Anat. 57: 



^^ '°'*' [1901] 335-45), especially on this 



point, the dropping of the term Cemeiit-siibstance. This term in his opinion 

 should be retained to designate the structureless connecting substance, which 

 unites the formed elements of the ground-substance, and it is probably of a 

 mucoid nature. Although in small quantities, this substance occurs in many 

 regions, for example between the fibrillae of lamellar bones, in developing 

 connective tissue, also in the adult tissue, making a true ground-substance for 

 the formed elements. He also believes that this ground substance, though it 

 may arise from the metamorphosed protoplasm, usually comes from the cells 

 as a result of their secretory activity. a. m. c. 



Deegener P. Entwicklung der Mundwerkzeuge Material used was eggs of Hydro- 

 unddesDarmkanalsvonHydrophilus. Zeit. ^;^y^^^^ ^^^ Dytiscus. Young stages 

 f. wiss. Zool. 00 : iii-iob, 1900. ^ -^ & & 



were fixed most successfully in ^4 per 



cent, chromic and picro-sulphuric solutions. The eggs may be brought at 

 once into the fixing fluid warmed to 80°-90° C, or previously killed in hot 

 water of the same temperature. After 2-3 minutes in the hot liquid the eggs 

 are transferred to cold fixing fluid for 12 hours. If chromic acid is used the 

 eggs are then washed in water, if picro-sulphuric, in 63 per cent, alcohol for 

 2-6 hours, and placed in 93 per cent, alcohol for preservation. Older eggs were 

 best treated with a saturated aqueous solution of sublimate, warmed to 80°-90° 

 for 2-3 minutes — cold saturated solution is also good — then put in 63 per cent, 

 alcohol. 



The larvae and pupae of Hydrophilus are killed in warm (52°C.) concen- 

 trated sublimate solution, then carefully cut and fixed further for 24 hours in 

 the fluid, several times renewed. After 24 hours they are washed in iodin 

 alcohol, and the digestive tract with its appendages is loosened. The sections 

 are stained with alum carmin, borax carmin, or hematoxylin. For whole pre- 

 parations of the mouth parts alum carmin was used. Clove oil was used for 

 clearing the specimens. a. m. c. 



Szyinonowicz, L. Lehrbuch der Histologie At the end of his beautifully presented 



und der mikroskopischen Anatomie mit be- ^^^ text-book of histology the author 

 sonderer Berucksichtigung des menschh- °-' 



Chen Korpers einschliesslich der mikros- devotes 45 pages tO general and spe- 



kopischen Technik. Wurzburg (Stuber) ^^^^ microscopical technique. In a 

 1901 ; 445 p. octavo; 169 figs., 52 Tfln. , ^ ^ 



brief, clear manner he compares in 

 the general part the principal methods now in use for histological investigations. 

 In the special part the particular methods applicable to different organs and 

 tissues are considered ; so that the reader is in a position to demonstrate what 

 he has read and learned from earlier pages. The beautiful illustrations with 

 which the book is supplied are a great aid to the understanding of preparations. 



A. M. c. 



