1906 Journal of Applied Microscopy 



solution. Originally he used warm Loffler's methylene blue or an old thionin 

 solution. In his latest paper {Zeitschr. f. Heilk., vol. XXII, 1901) he recom- 

 mends that the blood be spread with a needle, as the leucocytes are injured when 

 too thin a film is made. 



The method of staining is as follows : Fix by heating two hours at 120°C,; 

 stain in concentrated aqueous thionin solution (Miihlheim) with the aid of heat ; 

 dry ; counterstain in Orth's lithium carmine, which should be heated. Wash ; 

 dry and mount in balsam. 



Lowit found in myelogenous leukaemia a large amoeba within the lymphocytes 

 {Hceniattixba kiicamia magna). In lymphatic leukaemia he found metachromatic 

 stained bodies. They were present in only two cases in the peripheral blood, 

 but more frequently in the blood forming organs. These also he regards as 

 amoebae {Hcematticeba leuccemia parva sive vivax). He describes with both 

 haemamoebae various stages in the life-cycle — young parasites, crescents, sporu- 

 lation and degeneration forms. 



The views of Lowit have found a number of strong opponents, the most 

 aggressive of whom is Tiirk. He asserts that Lowit's bodies are artefacts derived 

 from mast-cell granules, and he was able to produce forms not distinguishable 

 from Lowit's parasites in non-leukaemic blood. Vittadini {Gazz. degliosped., 1900) 

 is the only one who has fully confirmed Lowit's findings. 



Pinkus {NothnageVs Spec. Path. u. Tker., vol. VIII, 1901) thinks it is ques- 

 tionable whether the bodies, even if they occurred exclusively in leukaemic blood, 

 are the cause of the disease, since the HcBmamxba magna has been found in a 

 case of lymphatic leukaemia, and, furthermore, in myelogenous leukaemia the 

 parasites are not in the myelocytes, but in the lymphocytes, which are the least 

 characteristic cells in this form of the disease. 



Tiirk (^Wiener klin. IVoc/i., No. 18, 1901) has never succeeded in transmit- 

 ting the disease to animals. He states that the disease produced in rabbits by 

 Lowit has nothing to do with myelogenous leukaemia, as the same disease-picture 

 can be produced by inoculating portions of organs from individuals that have 

 died of other diseases. Tiirk claims that the Hcemamxba parva is nothing more 

 than the nucleolus of the lymphocyte. 



Lowit in his exhaustive monograph {Die Leukdmie a/s Protozoeninfection, Weis- 

 baden, 1900) answers the criticisms of his opponents and maintains the correct- 

 ness of his observations. In his latest paper he describes the extra cellular 

 forms of Hce7jiamoeba magna. j. H. p. 



Loeb. Ueber Transplantation eines Sarcoms I" ^n interesting series of experiments 

 derThyreoideabei einer weissen Ratte. Vir- Loeb has succeeded many times in 



chow's Arch. 167 : 175-191, IQ02. , 1 ^- • ^ ^i • 1 o 



^ ^ ' ^ transplantmg into other animals a Sar- 



coma of the Thyroid. The original tumor was observed in a white rat. It was 

 quite vascular, and in some places had undergone cystic formation. In all, 360 

 pieces were transplanted into about 150 animals. If the experiment was suc- 

 cessful Loeb generally noted a growth ten to fifteen days later. Some rats were 

 fed with particles of the tumor with negative results in each instance. In seven 

 cases inoculations with the cystic fluid were employed and four of these gave 



