WORLD-DISTRIBUTION OF THE BRITISH CARYOPHYLLACE.^. 183 



IV. Thai it reaches tlie east of Europe, but stretches barely, if at 

 all, beyond the limits of the continent in that direction. 



V. That it does not reach the eastern half of Europe. 



VI. That it is essentially boreal, but reaches America and the moun- 

 tains of Central Europe. 



VII. Like the last, but not reaching America. 



VIII. Boreal, but not reaching the mountains of Central Europe. 



IX. Alpine, but not boreal. 



The groups from one to five, it will be noted, are made up of plants 

 that have no boreal or montane tendency, each stage of increase in the 

 number marking a decided step in the restriction of general range. 

 Groups VI. to IX., on the other hand, are made up of the plants distinc- 

 tively boreal or montane in their general area of dispersion. 



Enumeration of Species. 



IV. Dianthts prolifer. — Crimea, Mmiro ! TenerifTe, TFebb ! Ke- 

 ported from the Caucasus by Bieberstein, but does not seem to reach 

 further east. D. velutinus, Guss., with a range from Spain to Greece, 

 scarcely more than a variety, using the term here as throughout the 

 paper, on the same scale as in Syme's ' English Botany.' 



IV. Bianthus Armeria. — Given by Boissier as Caucasian, but not 

 known further east. D. pseudo-armeria, Bieb., from Tauria and Cau- 

 casus, probably a variety. 



V. Dlanthus ctJBsius. 



IV. Dianthus deltoides. — Bosnia, Sendtner ! Not included by 

 Boissier in his ' Elora Orientalis.' 



III. Saponaria officinalis. — Reaching eastward to the Caucasus, 

 Ural, Tiflis, Steven ! and Kurdistan, Olgum ! 



II. Silene injiata. — Very rare in N. America. To be reckoned na- 

 tive there or introduced ? 



V. Silene mcwitima. — Madeira, Mandon, 316 ! Desertas island ! 

 S. Thorei, Duf., from the West of France, apparently a variety. 



I. Silene gallica. — Now spread as a weed over all temperate regions. 

 The gunpowder weed of the Cape, so called from its seeds, Australia, 

 Adanisou ! Neilglierries, Wight ! Monte Video, Capt. King ! South 

 Brazil, Sello ! Chili, C. Gay ! etc. 



III. Silene nutans. — Reaches through Siberia to iw\}W\,Miquel ! and 

 to Algeria, fide Rohrhach. 



