Volume IV DECEMBER, 1917 No. 3 



ON THE LARVAL AND PUPAL STAGES OF 

 BIBIO JOHANNIS L. 



By HUBERT M. MORRIS, M.Sc. (Manch.). 



[From the Department of Agricultural Entomology, 



Manchester University.) i 



[^ 

 (With Plate II and 12 Text-figures.) '^^ 



CONTENTS. \ 



PAGE 



1. Introduction and Historical Remarks .... 91 



2. The Egg 92 



3. Morphology of the Larva . 93 



(n) Newly hatched larva ...... 93 



(b) Second stage larva ...... 95 



(c) Fully grown larva ...... 95 



4. The habits, food, etc. of the Larva . . . . .103 



5. Comparison with larvae of other Diptera . . . .104 



6. The Pupa 105 



7. Note on the Imago 106 



8. Economic significance of the Bibionidae . . . .106 



9. Bibliography 108 



10. Description of Plate II 109 



I. INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL REMARKS. 



During the early part of 1917 I found in the soil of a permanent 

 pasture field at Holmes Chapel, Cheshire, a number of what appeared 

 to be Dipterous larvae of the family Bibionidae, and Dr A. D. Imms 

 suggested to me that a study of these larvae would form a very interest- 

 ing piece of work. 



Some of these larvae were reared and on emergence the fly proved 

 to be Bibio Johanjiis L., for the confirmation of the identity of which I 

 have to thank Mr H. Bury. To Dr Imms I desire to express my thanks 

 for his assistance in many ways during the whole course of the investiga- 

 tion. The work has been carried out in the Department of Agricultural 

 Entomology, Manchester University. 



Ann. Biol, iv 7 



