24 Shrinkage, Swelling, Warping of Cross-grained Woods 



dimensions are smaller than in the first set. Accordingly the average 

 between the two sets of measurements represents more accurately the 

 linear dimensions at the recorded weight. 



The subjoined Table B iii reports the changes of curvature 

 lengthwise of yang 1 (during the absorption and exhalation of water) 

 along the two sides y . yb and yx . yxb. 



The first four columns refer to y . yb, the others to yx . yxb. 

 Columns 1 and 5 give the dates and times of observation. The other 

 columns denote the curvature: and as the curve of each side is often 

 not uniform along its whole length, each column headed "middle" 

 refers to the curvature at the middle of the length, while the remaining 

 columns headed "end" give the curvatures at the end of each of the 

 two halves of the length. In the columns : c, cs, and (cs) respectively 

 mean "concave," slightly so, or very slightly so; v, vs, {vs) respectively 

 mean " convex," slightly so, or very slightly so ; S and Sn mean straight 

 and nearly straight respectively; the number succeeding in brackets 

 in columns gives the number of millimetres of the middle above or 

 below the straight or base line. 



The statistics given in Table Bin when compared with those of 

 Table B i show in particular that the unexpected shortenings of the 



