692 Dr. B. W. Eichardson [April 29, 



feels as if an insuperable difficulty, which quickly clears away, lay 

 straight before him. This is the dream of apprehension, and is nothing 

 more than an attack during sleep which visits many dyspeptic persons 

 in their waking hours, and which seems to suggest the idea of panic, 

 of an impending anxiety or danger, for the occurrence of which there 

 is no conceivable reason. Allied to the same dream is another of 

 desire to escape from an imaginary pain, peril, or pressure, a desire 

 well expressed in the despairing words, " Oh that I had the wings of 

 a dove ! for then would I fly away and be at rest." I knew one 

 subject of this dream who was often heard to mutter portions of these 

 words while asleep, and who frequently woke with them on his lips, 

 saying them audibly to himself. 



Lastly, under this head of subjective dreaming, there is what may 

 be designated the dream of contention, in which, in Pauline para- 

 phrasing from philosophy, the flesh seems to war against the spirit, 

 and the spirit against the flesh, so that the dreamer is bound in bonds, 

 unable to do the things that he would, a very mischievous dream in 

 the history of human action. Some dreams have counterparts, but 

 the dream of contention has none. The most conceited dreamer 

 rarely, if ever, awakes from a dream assured by it of his own self- 

 importance, a discount on dreaming which is good all round. 



The compound dream, in which subjective phenomena combine 

 with external impressions, is the most common dream. The impres- 

 sion is often made during the period of dreaming, but it may be made 

 before going to sleej), or it may be revived in the period of sleep, and 

 it may take part in the phenomena of the dream. Vibration of motion 

 is in this manner conveyed. After being on the sea for a time, the 

 rocking or vibration of the vessel may be communicated to the body 

 so strongly that afterwards, during sleep on land, the bed seems to 

 take the motion of the vessel, and the sleeper wakes from a realistic 

 dream astonished to find himself once more on terra Jirma. This is a 

 commonplace illustration, but many more are at hand, one of which I 

 will relate, because it bears particularly on a physiological point at 

 which I shall arrive at a later stage. In 1884 Mr. Edward Payson 

 Weston, the pedestrian, put himself under the feat of walking five 

 thousand miles in one hundred days — 50 miles per day. He was 

 so finely trained that on the last day of the trial he walked from 

 Brighton to London without once sitting down or ceasing to travel. 

 He placed himself the while under scientific observation, in which I 

 was allowed to take ])art ; and one of the questions I kept in view was 

 the dreams he experienced after walks in all weathers and on all kinds 

 of roads from the beginning to the end of his task. In all the time 

 he could recall no dream ; in fact, he fell asleep at once, and woke 

 each day from dreamless sleep, one of the decisive aids in the accom- 

 plishment of his success. But — and here comes the fact I wish to 

 emphasise — in a later feat he did the walking in a circle, on a path 

 in which there were many laps to a mile. Then dreaming began. 



