522 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. 



that is how Big Roadling and Little Roadling came to be brought up 

 in their grandfather's house. (241-2) 



Big Roadling used to accompany his grandfather to hear the Teacher 

 preach the Law, and one day told his grandfather that he would like 

 to become a monk. His grandfather was greatly delighted, and took 

 him to the Teacher, who received him as a monk, and somewhat later 

 professed him. After a time Big Roadling attained Arahatship, and 

 desiring to have his brother attain what he had attained, went to his 

 grandfather and asked permission to receive Little Roadling into the 

 Order. The grandfather readily gave his consent, and so Little 

 Roadling also became a monk. (242-4) 



Now in a previous existence under the Buddha Kassapa, Little 

 Roadling had once made fun of a dullard monk ; and in consequence of 

 this act, he was now unable to master a single stanza in the course ot 

 four whole months. Big Roadling was so disgusted that he expelled 

 him from the monastery. Little Roadling, however, was greatly 

 attached to the religion of Buddha, and did not give up the monastic 

 life. (244) 



One day Jivaka Komarabhacca went to Big Roadling and asked him, 

 " How many monks are there under the Teacher 1 " " Five hundred." 

 " I invite them all to take a meal with me to-morrow." " The layman 

 Little Roadling is a dullard ; I accept the invitation for everybody but 

 him." When Little Roadling heard his brother speak thus, he decided 

 to give up the monastic life on the morrow. The Teacher became 

 aware of his intention, led him into his own perfumed chamber, gave 

 him a piece of cloth, and said to him, "Little Roadling, face towards 

 the East, rub this cloth, and say as you do so, ' Removal of Impurity, 

 Removal of Impurity.' " The Teacher then went, accompanied by the 

 monks, to Jivaka's house. (244-6) 



After Little Roadling had rubbed the cloth for a time, he perceived 

 that it had become soiled, and a sense of the impermanence of things 

 came to him. At that moment an apparition of the Teacher appeared 

 before him and pronounced the Stanzas beginning with the words, 

 " Impurity is Lust . . . Impurity is Hatred . . . Impurity is Infatu- 

 ation." At the conclusion of the Stanzas Little Roadling attained 

 Arahatship, acquired Four-fold Knowledge, and became a master of 

 the Three Pitakas. (This was because, in a former existence as a 

 king, he gained a sense of impermanence by contemplating a cloth 

 which had become soiled with the sweat of his brow.) (246-7) 



When Jivaka offered the Water of Donation to the Teacher, the 

 latter placed his hand over the vessel, and said, "Are there no 

 monks in the monastery ? " Big Roadling replied, " No, indeed." 



