COMPOSITAE NEW AND TRANSFERRED. 521 



persistent squamellae united into a low denticulate crown, from the 

 latter in habit and achenial characters, as also in range, the species of 

 Helianthella being West American and Mexican, of Phochanthus 

 Floridan. The species of Helianthella, which after the exclusion of 

 Enceliopsis and Pseudo-hcliantlms of the Synoptical Flora are restricted 

 to the subgenus " HcUantheUa proper" of that work, are perennial 

 herbs with rather few lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate usualh^ ample 

 leaves, alternate or opposite, of which the basal are generally much 

 larger, phyllaries for the most part herbaceous or often enlarged and 

 foliaceous, and achenes very strongly flattened (as in Encelia), on the 

 margin villous or glabrate, with 2 longer or shorter awns and a corona 

 of thin squamellae of varying length, united below or distinct to the 

 base. . 



Although the genus Helianthella on its first publication (Torr. & 

 Gray, 1. c.) was divided into two groups, of which the first (§1, without 

 name) contained only the two species here referred to Phocbanthns, 

 while the second had three species {H. Dotiglasii, H. lanceolata, and 

 H. uniflora) all still retained in Helianthella, I have not thought it 

 advisable to consider the H. grandi flora group as typical, on the ground 

 of priority of position, and to create a new name for the second group, 

 l)oth because a considerably greater number of name changes would be 

 involved and because the H. Douglasii group was considered by Gray 

 himself (see Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 9 (1883) ; Syn. Fl. i. pt. 2. 284 (1884)) 

 as typical of the genus. 



Pionocarpus Blake, n. genus Helianth.-Verhesin. — Capitula hetero- 

 gama radiata, floribus radii 1-seriatis neutralibus disci hermaphro- 

 ditis fertilibus. Involucrum hemisphaericum, bracteis 2-seriatis 

 (exterioribus paullulo brevioribus) anguste ovato-lanceolatis acumi- 

 natis herbaceis subcostatis plus minusve piloso-hispido-ciliatis. Re- 

 ceptaculum convexum, paleis complicatis acuminatis flores disci am- 

 plectentibus onustum. Corollae radii ligulatae patentes oblongae; 

 disci regulares, tubo brevissimo faucibus cylindraceis limbo 5-dentato. 

 Antherae basi cordato-sagittatae apice appendice ovata obtusa prae- 

 ditae. Styli rami lineares hirti appendice lineari-lanceolata longa 

 hirtella praediti. Achaenia radii inania; disci oblonga pubescentia 

 apice truncata valde incrassata paullum a latere compressa immargi- 

 nata. Pappus persistens ex aristis 2 subaequalibus subtenuibus et 

 squamellis ca. 10 multo minoribus laceratis basi ima unitis interdum 

 una duabusve elongatis compositus. — Herba perennis subscaposa e 

 radice verticali crassa tuberiformi. Caulis parcissime ramosus ca. 

 4-cephalus. Folia maxima ex parte radicalia lineari-lanceolata 



