PHYSIOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGY OF CALIFORNIA HEPATIC^ 3 



gionia Jiyfofhylla, Plagiochasma elongatwn and Fegatella 

 conica. In all these the hyphae are confined to the more com- 

 pact tissue of the thallus. 



Jeffrey,' in his paper on the Gametophyte of Botrychium vir- 

 giniamini, describes an endophytic fungus associated with this 

 fern. His observations show that conidia develop singly within 

 the host cells usually at the end of a hypha. These peculiar 

 conidia germinate /;/ situ^ generally producing a germ-tube 

 which forces its way into the neighboring cells of the host. 

 Within certain cells of the host he observed the development of 

 vesicular structures along the enclosed hyphse. Similar struc- 

 tures have been observed by Bruchmann " in his recent studies 

 on Ophioglossum viilgatwn. In his Fig. 42 he has indicated 

 fungal structures similar to those common to the endophytic 

 hyphas found by the author in cells of Aneura mtiltifda major. 



The same writer'^ in his work upon Botrychium lunaria 

 describes an endophytic fungus infecting the cells of the pro- 

 thallium. He states that the hyph^ usually find entrance to the 

 prothallial tissue through the rhizoids though in some instances 

 they are found penetrating the outer, cuticularized surface of 

 the prothallium. Once within the cells of the host, the hyphas 

 fill the cells with their sclerotia-like structures and vesicular 

 enlargements. All starch of the infected cells disappears, but 

 he finds oil and albumen within the hyphas which he regards as 

 reserve products to be utilized later by the growing embryo. 

 Thus he recognizes a symbiotic relationship betw^een fungus and 

 host, and in another part of the same paper he advances the 

 theory that the endophyte is a probable means in assisting the 

 prothallium to withstand the rigors of hot and cold weather. 



'Jeffrey, 1S9S : The Gametophyte of Botrychium virginianum. University of 

 Toronto Studies, No. 1, p. 12. 



^Bruchmann, 1904: Ueber das Prothallium und die Keimpflanze von Ophio- 

 glossum vidgaium L. Botanische Zeitung, Heft XII, Taf. VIII, Fig. 42 und 

 Fig. 42a. 



* Bruchmann, 1906: Ueber das Prothallium und die Sporenpflanze von Botry- 

 chium lunaria Sw. Flora, Band 96, Heft i, pp. 210-21 1. 



