PHYSIOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGY OF CALIFORNLV HEPATIC^ 25 



coast ranges are two species of Aneura {Riccardia), A. mtdtljida 

 major and A. pi'ngnis, the latter being far more sensitive to 

 change of environment than the former, but neither is capable 

 of withstanding much loss of water. They are both found 

 growing at their best when, if not actually in running water, they 

 are at least so situated as to receive a constant supply. The 

 finest, most vigorous specimens I have ever collected have been 

 found growing in such a position as to receive constant dripping 

 of fresh water from above, which so far as has been observed 

 does not materially influence the development of fruiting organs 

 as is the case when Fegalella is too abundantly supplied. 



Several specimens of Riccioca^'jbiis natans found growing on 

 soil about a small lake in the foot-hills were brought into the 

 laboratory along with enough of the substratum to prevent any 

 shock resulting from transference. These along with some 

 Aneura mtiUifida major were placed in a shallow earthern 

 saucer and exposed to the dry air of the laboratory until in a 

 normal air-dry condition. In this condition they were gradually 

 moistened but no sign of recovery was apparent in any part of 

 the tissue of either plant, and after several days of normal mois- 

 ture supply they showed no signs of life. It is apparent from 

 this and several other experiments upon hygrophilous forms 

 that they lack the degree of adaptability to changed climatic 

 conditions exhibited by such forms as Riccia^ Targionia or 

 Porella. 



Aside from several genera of Ricciaceae and Marchantiacese, 

 two species of Sfhcerocarfiis and one of Fossombronia, F, 

 longiseta, represent the thallose Jungermanniace^ for the 

 region about San Francisco Bay, as well as higher up into the 

 hills and mountains. So far as habit is concerned Sp/icero- 

 carpus is hardly to be compared to Fossombronia for the one is 

 an annual while the other remains alive throughout the entire 

 summer. We have here a relatively small representation of 

 leafy liverworts, the most common being Porella bolauderi, 

 and Fridlania bolauderi, while in certain isolated localities one 

 may find Radiila coniplanata growing on tree trunks and 

 Lophozia veniricosa forming reddish-brown patches on exposed 

 hillsides that receive abundant moisture during the rainy season. 



