EMIL ALEXANDER DE SCHWEINITZ. 2O9 



position of the bodies of these bacteria and the production of 

 immunity therefrom. Owing to the special interest of the 

 Bureau of Animal Industry in those diseases which attack the 

 domesticated animals, his attention was directed in great part 

 to the study of the etiology, the treatment, and the methods of 

 protection from such animal scourges as tuberculosis, hog 

 cholera, swine plague and glanders. His most important con- 

 tributions to science were probably those which dealt with the 

 production of immunity from tuberculosis. While not the first 

 to note a successful vaccination of laboratory animals against 

 this disease, he was the first to record the use of attenuated 

 human tubercle bacilli for the production of immunity from 

 tuberculosis in cattle. 



In the later years of his life he had given much time and 

 energy to the production of a suitable vaccine for hog cholera. 

 At the time of his death he had almost completed several exten- 

 sive experiments dealing with the intertransmissibility of human 

 and bovine tuberculosis. These experiments which have since 

 been published, are generally recognized as important additions 

 to our knowledge of this subject. 



Dr. de Schweinitz was elected to membership in the American 

 Public Health Association in 1896 and was also a member of 

 the Section of Bacteriology and Chemistry from the time of its 

 organization, having served on the council and various commit- 

 tees of the section. He was several times vice-president of in- 

 ternational congresses on tuberculosis and hygiene which were 

 held in Paris and Berlin, and his research work was well known 

 and highly regarded abroad as well as in the United States. 



In addition to the duties Dr. de Schweinitz performed as 

 Chief of the Biochemic Division of the Bureau of Animal Indus- 

 try, he was also Dean of the Medical School and Professor of 

 Chemistry and Toxicology in that department of the Columbian 

 University. In 1895 that institution conferred upon him an 

 honorary degree of doctor of medicine. A complete biblio- 

 graphy of his writings has been prepared by Dr. Charles War- 

 dell Stiles and may be found in The Columbian University 

 Bulletin^ No. i. 



His death, which was caused by uraemia, took place on 



