NORTH QUEENSLAND ETHNOGRAPHY— ROTH. 205 



flange of a tree extends southwards to below Card well, and north- 

 wards to the Bloomfield River, and is met with along the 

 mountain ranges of the hinterland, e.g., Atherton. 



23. The Bloomfield weapon was somewhat more oblong and 

 rectangular as compared with that of the Tully, and usually 

 larger, such dimensions as three and a half by one and a half feet 

 being not uncommon ; it is, however, fast falling into disuse, and 

 even so late as 1898 was only being occasionally manufactured bv 

 some of the very old men. The Bloomfield Natives called it kun- 

 juri, and used to paint it with varying designs. Although no 

 shields are found on the Endeavour River and at Cape Bedford at 

 the present day, the local Koko-yimidir Blacks speak of them as 

 gorndor-e. Indeed, so far as the eastern coast-line is concerned, 

 the Endeavour River must be regarded as the northerly limit of 

 the weapon. 



24. In the Rockhampton District shields are all made from the 

 local "cork-wood," the rumul of the Tarumbal Blacks, and 

 present a more or less similar shape 40 (PI. lx., figs. 1 and 2) — 

 an elongate oval, with flat (PI. lx., figs. 3 and 4), in some cases 

 approaching a markedly convex (PI. lx., tig. 5), posterior 

 surface, and incised handle. Each main encampment used 

 separate characteristic gravings on the anterior surface : — 



(a) Rockhampton and Gladstone. Two transverse incisions, 

 comparatively deep on occasion, divide it into a large central and 

 two terminal compartments (PI. lx., tig. 6), tin- former is black- 

 ened witli charcoal grease, the latter whitened. Two specimens 

 measured from twenty-one to twenty-one and a half inches long, 

 eight and a half to nine inches wide, and two and a half to three 

 and a half inches thick ; in the smaller the handle-groove 

 extended close to the sides of the weapon (PI. lx., tig. 7), a 

 somewhat unusual feature in this locality. 



(b) Yeppoon. Three transverse, and one longitudinal band, 

 raised slightly above the general surface ; these are blackened, 

 the intermediate spaces being whitened (PI. lx., fig. 8). Some- 

 times patterns of red and black may be observed in addition, 

 either in alternate row or in their entirety, independenty of the 

 graving, but this colouring would appear to be empirical. The 

 number of transverse raised bands — up to four, even five — 

 usually varies with the size of the weapon. From twenty to 

 twenty-one and a half inches long, nine to ten inches wide, and 

 two to three and a half inches thick. 



40 "Goolmarry" type — See Etheridge — Proc. Lima. Soc. N. S. Wales, (2), 

 ix., 1874, p. 514, pis. xxxiii. and xxxiv.; Id. — Journ. Anthrop. Inst., xxvi., 

 1S96, p. 157, pi. vi., figs. 7 and 8.— (Ed.) 



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