34 KECORDS OF THK AUSTRALIAN MUSKUM. 



be strung on a number of shorter threads, fixed at their extremities 

 to the tving-strings, so as to form a single-belly ornament^ " ; or 

 again, two such bellies may he looped together, perhaps the com- 

 monest form ^ **. On the East Coast the grass-bugle necklace is 

 seen from certainly north of the Endeavour River to as far south 

 as the Keppel River, and is made and usually worn only by 

 women ; the pattern followed is that of one continuous length of 

 string. On the Tully River, natives of both sexes wear it. On 

 the Lower Gulf Coast, the ornament is made and worn only by 

 the female portion of tlie community. Local names: — PPT., 

 KAL., and MIT. konupa, KYI. wanggar, KYE. yirko, GUN. 

 maner-gora Cmade from ra grass), MAL. waln-gara. 



Grass-bugles amongst the Brisbane Blacks were threaded on 

 a length of string knotted at either extremity ; it was usually 

 made by the old men and women, but mostly worn by men, at 

 any time. It was called kulgaripin {T. Petrie). 



At Princess Charlotte Bay a necklace (al-wura) worn by the 

 women and especially the younger girls is formed of strips of 

 Pandanus leaf worked into a plait of from three to five strands^ ^ . 



28. Necklaces (miscellaneous).- — Amongst unusual objects I 

 have oliseived strung together, and worn as necklaces may be 

 mentioned the " calcareous eyes " of a cray-fish, and the vertebral 

 bodies of a young shark, on the Batavia River ; and ])encils of 

 hardened beeswax attached to a top-string on the Daintree 

 River. In one such specimen I examined at Cape Grafton, 

 whither it had been bartered, and which the local Kungganji 

 Blacks called o-mor, I counted upwards of one hundred 

 and fifty pieces of bee.swax (Hg. 19), eacli about one and 

 a half inches long, coloured white, and suspended by 

 an attached twine eyelet to the tying-string ; it was 

 said to be used by men as a fighting ornament, by 

 the women, as an ordinary decorative one. 



29. Cross-shoulder Ornaments. — Attention has 

 already been drawn to the fact that certain of the 

 necklaces may also be worn as cros.s-shoulder orna- 

 ments, a method of fixation, ?'.«., from over one 

 Fig 19. shouhler across to under the opposite armpit, which in 

 certain areas indicates a .syinbol of grief and niourn- 

 ing'-^". On the otlier hand, there are indeed here and tliere a few 

 decorations only worn as cross-shoulder bands. Tiius, on the Upper 

 Georgina Kiver, at Headinirly. an Opossum-striuir cross-slioulder 



!■' Roth— Etlmol. Studies, etc., 1897 — Fig. 2(j(j. 

 i« Roth— Ethnol. Studies, etc.. 1897— Fig. 264. 

 )o Roth— Bull. 1— Sect. 11, and pi. v., tigs. 1-1. 

 30 Moth— Bulletiu 9. (Rec. Austr. Mus., vi., .'), 1907, p. 31)7.) 



