CRANIAL RKMAINS FROM NKW ZKALAND — RAMSAY SMIXri. 109 



higher races. The lateral sinuses of the occipital bone are at the 

 same level as the superior curved lines The frontal crest begins 

 half-way down the bone and as it passes downwards it becomes 

 a very prominent ridge. 



An examination of the eyebrow region (PI. xxxii., fig. 4) shows 

 that the internal third of the supra orbital margin on each side 

 is much rounded, and is coalesced with the superciliaiy eminence ; 

 the external two-thirds is sharper, but still conies within the 

 category of "rounded" as orbital margins go. On the right 

 side there is a notch for the supra orbital nerve, on the left a 

 foramen ; and fiom these a groove or depression passes obliquely 

 upwards and outwards on each side, separating the superciliary 

 eminence from the trigonum supraorbitale. The trigoiium is not 

 so flattened as in modern peoples but has the rounded appearance 

 often seen in the Australian aboriginal and some other races. 

 The superciliary eminences are distinctly marked ou each side 

 and are continuous with the glabella. The conditions in this 

 region conform with Cunningham's type II, which is very common 

 in the Australian aboriginal and is the form that exists in the 

 skull of Pithecayithropus. 



The frontal sinuses are fairly large (PI. xxxii., tig. 5). It lias 

 to be noted that the front and back walls of the.se sinuses are 

 Itoth thick as contrasted with the condition found in many 

 Australian aboriginal skulls, in which the posterior wall is very 

 thin while the anterior wall is much thickened to form a very 

 large portion of the projecting glabella and the superciliary 

 ridges. The notch at the loot of the nose is shallow as con- 

 trasted with the deep indentation which is almost universal in 

 the aboriginal. This character in the Australian, however, as 

 appears from a variety of considerations, is not a primitive one ; 

 nor is its associated feature, viz., the great projection of the 

 glabella. 



One other character demands sttention. A horizontal line 

 drawn through the nasion shows a relatively large part of the 

 orbits above it, and these portions of the orbits are rounded in 

 form — the right more so than the left. This, together with the 

 characters already mentioned, forms an assemblage of primitive 

 characters in the eyebrow region of this skull. 



It may be well at this point to give some details regarding the 

 curve of the front bone. 



For purposes of comparison, I have tabulated (see Table 1) 

 certain measurements of this skull along with those of two 

 Moriori skulls in my possession, four Maori and one Fijian skull 

 in the South Australian Museum, which the Director, Profe.ssor 

 E. C. Stirling, kindly allowed me to examine, and a New Cale- 



