1867.] 337 [AVyman. 



ported to still exist among the mountains in tlie northern parts of that 

 island. In Yesso, some ruins of a rude kind are reported at 8aru, 

 a village on the south coast, in the longitude of Cape Yesan at the 

 entrance of Tsugar Strait; and — as the Aino interpreter previously 

 said— the chief descendant of the old Aino kings, (and therefore their 

 chief prince), is now living at that place, and claims to possess some of 

 the presents made by Yosi Tsunai t-o his ancestors. 



In their abundance of hair, in their eyelids, which are lioi'izontal 

 and ojien widely, and in the full development of their chests, these 

 people differ totally from the Chinese, the Japanese, and the Coreans 

 on the south, and at least the Manchus and Monsrols on the Avest ; but 

 in these same characters they call to mind the bearded peasants in 

 Russia of the Slavonian branch of the Aryan family. 



Are they, therefore, an extreme branch of the North Turanian fam- 

 ily, or, as is more probable, in the same manner that the Indo-Euro- 

 pean races migrated from the high plateau of Central Asia to the 

 west, and the Persians and Indians to the south, did another part of 

 that same tamily pass on to the east until they finally reached the 

 islands now forming the Empire of Japan; and do their living repre- 

 sentatives now appear before us in the persons of tliis isolated and 

 ancient people, the Ainos? 



Dr. J. Wyraan gave a general account of the results of his 

 examination of the animals discovered in the shell heaps of 

 NeAV England. No remains of man had been found, with 

 the exception of a single bone from the great toe, discovered 

 at Cotuit Port; an equal absence of human remains marks 

 similar mounds in Denmark. In the shell heaps of New Eng- 

 land over fifty species of animals had been discovered, most 

 of which were edible. Dr. Wyman had distinguished bones 

 of the elk, moose, caribou, deer, bear, wolf, dog, fox, cat, 

 otter, mink, sable, skunk, seal, beaver and woodchuck ; seven 

 kinds of birds, including the great auk and wild turkey, now 

 unknown in this region ; three species of fish, beside snails 

 and bivalve shells. 



Among A^ertebrates, the bones of the deer and of birds 

 outnumber all tlie rest ; as bones of dogs were found un- 

 der the same circumstances as those of other mammals — 

 the shafts broken — it is probable that dog flesh was used 

 as an article of diet. In the remains of birds the sliafts 

 were always whole, but the ends had disappeared. St^'en- 



PROCEEDINGS B. S. N. H.— VOL. XI. 22 APRIL, 18C8. 



