184 "Spotting" of Apples in Great Britain 



Dothidea pomigena (L. R. Jones), Phyllachora pomigena (Schw.) Sacc. 

 (Longyear), but lacked the opportunity to verify their suppositions by 

 cultural experiments. 



In 1908 Charles E. Brooks 1 proved by cultural methods that Cylindro- 

 sporium pomi, in a later paper 2 identified as Phoma pomi, was capable 

 of causing "spotting" in the Baldwin variety. 



In 1911 W. M. Scott 3 isolated Cylindrosporium pomi and species of 

 Alternaria from the Jonathan variety, but concludes that the cause of 

 the disease is unknown. Alternaria has been obtained also by M. T. Cook 

 and G. W. Martin (1914) 4 from large light brown spots on Jonathan 

 apples. 



Finally E. C. Stakman and R. C. Rose 5 have announced an investiga- 

 tion into a fruit spot of the Wealthy apple. 



Besides the fungi found during enquiries more directly concerned with 

 the "spotting" of apples, others which generally cause rotting or twig 

 canker have been recorded as causing "spotting," for example, Phoma 

 mali Schultz. et Sacc. (Charles E. Lewis 6 ), Physalospora cydouieae 

 (Clinton) 7 , Phyllosticta solitaria (John W. Roberts 8 ), and Glomerella 

 cingulata (Dastur 9 ). 



In Britain, on the other hand, little work has been done. Towards 

 the end of 1914, some correspondence was published in the Gardeners' 

 Chronicle 10 with reference to a disease of apples which was puzzling fruit 

 growers. The apples were covered with sunken spots which often 

 developed after the fruit was stored. The varieties affected at the time 

 were Ecklinville Seedling, Warner's King, Cox's Pomona, James Grieve, 

 and Rival. The disease was also developing in Peasgood's Nonsuch, 

 Gascoigne's Scarlet Seedling, Newton Wonder, and Blenheim Pippin. 

 Fruits of Gascoigne's Seedling remarkable for size and colour, and 

 apparently sound early in November (1914), were at the end of the 

 month unrecognisable through the disease. This disease was thought 

 to be due to Cylindrosporium pomi; but it was pointed out that no 



1 Brooks, Charles E. Bull Ton: Bot. Club, 35 (1908), p. 423. 



2 Brooks, Charles E. and Black, Caroline. Phyt. n (1912), p. 03. 



3 Scott, W. M. Phyt. i (1911), p. 32. 



4 Cook, M. T. and Martin, G. W. Phyt'm (1913), p. 119. 



5 Stakman, E. C. and Rose, R, C. Phyt. iv (1914), p. 333. 



6 Lewis, Charles E. Maine Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 170 (1909). 



' Clinton, G. P. Connec. Agr. Exp. Sta. Rept. Part v (1905), p. 264. 



8 Roberts, John W. U.S.A. Dept. Agr. Bur. PI. Intl. Bull. 534 (1917), p. 1. 



9 Dastur, J. F. Ann. App. Biol, vi (1920), p. 262. 



10 "A Southern Grower." Gard. Chron, No. 1457 (Nov. 28, 1914), p. 357; Cornish, P. E., 

 I.e. p. 357. 



