SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY IN SOUTH AFRICA: 

 PROBLEMS OF RACE AND NATIONALITY. 



BY 



J. E. Duerden, M.Sc, Ph.D., A.R.C.Sc, F.Z.S., 



President, 



Professor of Zoology, Rhodes University College, Grahamstown; 



Officer-in-Chargc, Ostrich Investigations, Grootfontein School of 



Agriculture, Middelburg, C.P. 



Presidential Address delivered July 11, 1921. 



Contents. 



page. 



Scientific Effort in South Africa 1 



Sociai Anthropology 3 



Complexity of Social Problems in South Africa 6 



Change of attitude towards the Native 8 



Aversion between Black and White 10 



The Bantu Assimilative but not Originative 13 



Racial Solidarity 16 



National Loyalty and Racial Solidarity 19 



White Solidarity 20 



Genesis and Reclamation of the Indigent White 21 



A New South African Nationalism 27 



A Benevolent Aristocracy of Ability 28 



Scientific Effort in South Africa. 



The South African Association for the Advancement of 

 Science was founded in 1903 upon the model of the British Asso- 

 ciation, which has existed since 1831, and which in 1905 paid a 

 visit to South Africa. During the past year it has been my good 

 fortune to attend the meetings of the parent Association in 

 Cardiff. Formerly, at the annual gatherings, it was customary 

 for the President to pass in review all the recent advances in the 

 different sciences, and to indicate their general trends and needs. 

 In these latter days, with the vast array of scientific workers on 

 every hand, this is no longer possible, even for the most omniscient 

 of Presidents; indeed, it is questionable whether he can survey 

 the whole field in his own subject. All the more difficult is this 

 in South Africa with our restricted means of knowing what is 

 being accomplished, both within the Union and overseas. I desire, 

 however, to dwell for a few moments upon the progress in general 

 recognition of Science in South Africa, particularly as repre- 

 sented by developments in higher education and in the encourage- 

 ment of research. 



By the Act of Union in 1910 the four Provinces in South 

 Africa were consolidated, and the country assumed a unified 

 control of all its internal affairs where hitherto there had been 

 diversity. With Union has come strength, and the ten years 



