610 Major Ronald Ross [May 7, 



Travers, and has been equally successful. No one who has studied 

 the facts published with regard to both of these campaigns can for 

 a moment deny the success obtained. 



Since then excellent campaigns on similar lines have been con- 

 ducted at Durban, Hong Kong, Khartoum, Candia and St. Lucia. 

 Most striking has been the anti-mosquito work conducted at Port 

 Said under the orders of Sir Horace Pinching, recently head of the 

 Egyptian Sanitary Service, by my brother, Mr. E. H. Ross. The 

 town has been so completely cleared of mosquitoes that, as at Ismailia, 

 the ladies no longer use mosquito nets for their children. I may 

 add that I have just recently visited both localities, and was able to 

 verify this statement hj conversations with a number of people. 

 Fuller accounts of some of these campaigns will be found in a paper 

 by me pu])lished in the Lancet of September 28, 1907. Excellent 

 and extensive work has been done for many years in Algeria by 

 Drs. Edmond and Etienne Sergent * by all methods, and by Drs. 

 Savan and Kardamatis and the Greek Anti-malaria League.t The 

 Italian work published is in the Atti della Societa per gli studi della 

 malaria ; and Dr. Laveran gives much information on the subject 

 in his last book on malaria, Du Paludisme, 1007. 



Two years ago I was asked by the Government of Mauritius to 

 advise regarding malaria in that ancient island colony. The War 

 Office associated Major C. E. P. Fowler, R.A.M.O., with me ; and 

 after three months' studies, warmly assisted by the Governor, the 

 officials, the planters and everyone, we drew up our scheme for a 

 general campaign against the disease. There is no doubt that this 

 scheme will be followed when the present financial situation is 

 rectified ; but in the meantime I hope and trust that our reports, 

 which were written with great care and have been published by the 

 Colonial Office and the War Office respectively, will prove of value 

 in other parts of the tropics. 



When I left India in 1899 I hoped that that great dependency 

 of the British Crown, with its powerful government and well-appointed 

 medical and sanitary services, would lead the way against malaria, a 

 disease which causes untold sickness and possibly some millions of 

 deaths annually in the country ; but though many local campaigns 

 have been started by individual medical men, and though there has 

 been a steady fall in the malaria rate of the army, I can find no 

 evidence of a generalised effort against the disease. Less than three 

 months ago I attended the Medical Congress at Bombay, largely for 

 the purpose of inquiring into the reason of this, and concluded that 

 though many capable officers both of the Indian Medical Service and 

 of the Royal Army Medical Corps had done their best, yet that the 

 necessary leadership and organisation were wanting in India as in 



* Annales de I'lnstitut Pasteur, 1909. 



t Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Liverpool, June 1908. 



