IHE P'LOKAL ENVELOPES IN GRAMlNE^ AND CYPERACE^. 69 



C. ricjida. — Here the oclirea is very short and bract-like, dark 

 coloured, with oblique mouth. 



Carices : HeterostaclujcR. 



(lu all the followiug species the ochrea is long.) 



Carex liirta. — The ochrea on the peduncles of the lowest female 

 spike is nearly half the length of the peduncle ; it is closely fitting, 

 tubular, membranous, nerveless, erose-truncate, ciliate at its apex, 

 cloven a little way down on its anterior side ; the ochrea of the 

 peduncle of the uppermost female spike is as long as or even 

 longer than the peduncle, and is more deeply cloven. The 

 peduncles of the lateral barren spikes bear an ochrea in the form 

 of an open nerved utriculus without any nut. 



C. sylvatica. — The ochrea of the lower female spikes is a long, 

 closed and closely-fitting, transparent, membranous sheath, slightly 

 divided at the apex ; the ochrea of the upper spikes becomes 

 swollen on one or both sides, and assumes more or less the form of 

 the utriculus. I have met with several instances, in this species, 

 in which the ochrea is situate at some distance above the spring of 

 the secondary axis ; in these cases the ochrea takes the form, more 

 or less, of the utriculus, being only partially closed, and the nut 

 being sometimes present, sometimes absent. 



C. exttensa. — The ochrea, from a long-stalked fertile spike from 

 near the base of the stem, is long, tubular, sheathing, open only a 

 short way down in front ; it is nerveless, membranous, fuscous. 

 At the base of all the fertile sessile spikes it is shorter, faintly 

 nerved, and open in front. 



C. flava. — Here the ochrea is long, tubular, and sheathing, and 

 similar in all respects to that of C. extensa. 



C. pedata. — Here the ochrea is long (about one-third the whole 

 length of the peduncle), rather loosely sheathing, tubular, mem- 

 branous, its mouth oblique, its apex triangular, acute. 



C. depmiperata. — Here the ochrea is very long, delicately mem- 

 branous, and sheathing. 



C. digitata. — Here the ochrea is long, delicately membranous, 

 and sheathing. 



C. (Bdipostyla. — Here the ochrea is long, delicately membranous, 

 and sheathmg. 



Carices : HomostachyiE. 



C. remota. — Here the ochrea is ovate-orbicular, membranous, 

 concave at the back, and keeled on either side, the keels being 

 formed of the strong lateral nerves ; the apex is erose ; the form is 

 therefore bract-like, and it encloses or surrounds the base of the 

 spikes and lower flowers. 



C. arenaria. — The ochrea) of the lower fertile spikes are reduced 

 to fuscous, many-veined bracts, angular at the base and some- 

 times bifid at the apex, shewing a tendency to take the form of the 

 utriculus. There is no central green nerve, like that of the bracts 

 of the fertile flowers. 



