214: ABSTRACT OF RESEARCHES ON THE ANATOMY OF BUD-SCALES. 



lity about Charlwood, either wild or in tlie g-ardens of the farms or 

 coltagts. It is a complete puzzle to me the locality of this Rose. I 

 cannot conceive it to be originally wild there, but how it could get so 

 ilioronghly naturalized where it is is equally difficult to understand. It 

 must, I think, have been very many years where it is." The specimens, 

 a supply of which Mr. Saunders has kindly dried for distribution through 

 the Exchange Club, are just like those of ordinary wild Continental 

 gallica, cpiite unmodified by cultivation. — J. G. Baker. 



Cybele (p. 244^). — My communication (p. 78) on the pronunciation 

 of this word contained a suggestion (Cybebe) and remarks almost iden- 

 tical with the first four lines of the paragraph on page 244-, but by some 

 oversight the passage was expunged in passing through the press. Tlio 

 suggestion is not a novel one. Whether it has the sanction of MS. 

 authority I cannot offhand say, nor is this Jonrual perhaps the fit place 

 for a discussion of the cpiestion, or of the merits of Professor Dyer's last 

 suggestion. — 11. Tucker. 



€^ixvid% antr S^bstra^fs. 



ABSTiUCT OF RESEARCHES ON THE ANATOMY OF 

 BUD-SCALES. 



By F. W. C. Areschoug. 



{Translated by W. T. Thiselton Dyer, B.A., B.Sc.) 



In a paper on the structure of the leaf {^Acta JJnlvcrsUatls Lmidensis, 

 1867) 1 have endeavoured to show that the leaf is a flattened stein.* 

 The limb cousists principally of cortex, of which the external tissue, mo- 

 dified, in the case of leaves exposed to air, iuto a parenchyma composed 

 of cells resembling the stakes of a pidisa(le,t is developed more espe- 

 cially on the upper side of the leaf, while the inner layer of the cortex, 

 converted into a spongy parenchyma, forms its luwer region. In the 

 bud-scales the celluhu' tissues of the stem appear almost unchanged, and 

 the difference of structure between the outer and inner sides of the scale 

 is not so considerable as that which exists in leaves exposed to tiie air. 

 The cortical tissues forming the greater part of the bud-scale resend^le 

 those of the stem, the outer layer being found, in the bud-scale, on both 

 sides, and entirely enclosing the inner layer. The external layer, how- 

 ever, is more marked on the external side of the scale, probably because 

 it appears there as a protective tissue ; while this layer, modified in true 

 leaves iuto palisade-parenchyma, occurs wiiolly, or at any rale for the 



* Casimir De Candolle has developed a theory in some respects analogous to 

 this. According to his view, founded on the half- circular arrangement of the 

 fibro-vascular bundles as seen in a cross-section, the leaf is a branch with its 

 posterior half atrophied. ('Archives des Sciences,' May, 1868. Student, Aug. 

 1868.) 



, t Paliside-like parenchyma," of some German authors. — See Duchartre, 

 Elements de Bot. p. 330. 



