148 THE JOUENAL OF BOTANY 



phoris bacillaribus v. irregularibvis, ca. 2 /x latis et longitncllne sporam 

 ajquaiitibus, e strato prolifero fuliglnoso oriunclis suffiiltis. 



Hah. in cortice Salicis cinerea, Kew, Maj-Aug. ; in coi'tice 

 S.fragilis, Wood End pro}>e Tan worth-in- Arden, Oct. 



The pustules look very different when old from their appearance 

 when young. At first they are convex, covered, and blackish ; then 

 the e])idermis splits, and a few spores ooze out in a whitish mass ; 

 finally the spore-mass foiins a broad, flat, rounded, or angular or even 

 sinuous disc, bright pink in colour when fresh, and surrounded by the 

 upturned edges of the bark. The spores of the Warwickshire speci- 

 mens are exactly the same as those found at Kew in 1921. 



(To be continued.) 



NOTES ON CHAROPHYTES. 

 By Caxox O. E,. Bullock- Webster, M.A., F.L.S. 



To those who study the Charophyta, the recent disco-very by 

 Dr. Olaridge Druce and Colonel Johnson of ToJifpella niclifica Leonh. 

 and Chara canesceiis Lois, in Orkney is of the greatest interest. The 

 former species was not known with certainty to occur in the British Isles 

 till 189(3, when the late E. S. Marshall collected it in a lagoon north of 

 Wexford harbour, Co. Wexford; during subsequent years no further 

 occurrence lias been recorded. In August 1920 Dr. Druce and 

 Colonel Johnson found excellent specimens over a considerable area in 

 the brackish wa-ters of Loch Stenniss, Orkney. This gives a very 

 remarkable enlargement to the area of its distribution. The plant is 

 found in many of the northern countries of Europe in brackish waters 

 and occurs even in i\\Q sea-water of the Baltic, 



In the same loch on the same occasion Chara canescens was also 

 collected. Hitherto this plant has only been recorded from Cornwall, 

 Dorset, Suffolk, Norfolk, and N. Kerry, and from County Wexford, 

 where Mr. Marshall found it in the same lagoon which yielded 

 T. nldtjica, all these stations being in the south and south-west 

 districts of the British Isles. Its discover}^ therefore in Orkney 

 affords an immense extension of its range and gives good ground for 

 expecting its occurrence in many new localities between these tw^o 

 limits. Outside the British Isles C. canescens, though by no means 

 a common plant has, in Europe, a wide distribution. 



The male plant has been found in a very few localities throughout 

 the world, and luis not hitherto been discovered in the British Isles. 

 The reproduction is parthenogenetic, the unfertilized oospore germi- 

 nating very freely. When this species is found, careful search should 

 be made for tlie male plant. 



The record of JSTitella hafrachosperma Braun is somewhat similar 

 to that of T. nidifca. First discovered in 1888 in a loch near Obbe, 

 Isle of Harris, Outer Hebrides, it was found in the following year in 

 S. Kerry, and in 1890 in N. Kerry by Mr. Scully. But in this case 

 there has been a linking-up of these two extreme localities ; I col- 

 lected some few plants at Kindrum, West Donegal, in August 1916, 



