BRITISH BOTANY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY 138 



few others not figured in English Botany. It includes Cryptogams. 

 In 1830 R. K. Greville published his Ahjce Britamdcce, with nineteen 

 coloured plates ; and in 1831 Lindley & Hutton's Fossil Flora of 

 Great Biit<nn was commenced. 



A little anonymous work appeared in 1833 under the title of 

 The Irish Flora, cGrnprisiufj the PluBno(i<imous Plants and Ferns. 

 It is understood to have been written by Katherine Baily, afterwards 

 Lady Kane. It is arranged by the Linnean system, and most of 

 the habitats were contributed by John White, of the Glasnevin 

 Botanic Garden. It was reprinted in 1846. 



The next important work requiring notice is the British Phceno- 

 (jamous Botany of WiUiam Baxter, 6 vols., 1834-1842. It contains 

 about five hundred good coloured plates, only one plant in each 

 genus being represented ; the descriptions are very carefully drawn 

 up, and for the rarer species lists of localities arranged under 

 counties are added ; the synonyms and references to previous works 

 are carefully worked up. 



As County Floras were still few and far between, the New 

 Botanist's Guide, 2 vols., 1835-7, consisting of county lists of the 

 rarer British plants, must have been very welcome. Its author, 

 the late Hewett Cottrell Watson, was an indefatigable worker on 

 the distribution of the British Flora for more than forty years — 

 from 1832 to 1874. We shall hear of him again. 



In 1836 a noteworthy advance was made by the foundation — by 

 Robert Graham, R. K. Greville, J. H. Balfour, and others — of the 

 Botanical Society of Edinburgh, and in the same year this Society 

 published a Catalogue of British Plants, containing sixteen hun- 

 dred and thirty-six species, including fifty-eight cryptogams. The 

 Botanical Society of London was founded in July of the same year, 

 John Edward Gray being the first President. In the same year 

 James Townsend Mackay did good work for Ireland by the pro- 

 duction of his Flora llihernica. He had published a Catalogue of 

 Irish Plants in 1825, but his Flora was for many years the standard 

 work on the subject. 



Mr. G. W. Francis's Analysis of the British Ferns and their Allies 

 (1837) went through several editions. The Annals and Magazine of 

 Natural History, conducted by Sir W. Jardine, P. J. Selby, Sir W. 

 J. Hooker, and others, commenced in 1838, following Loudon's 

 Magazine of Natural History (1829, &c.). At this period one whose 

 long life was devoted to British Botany was coming into prominence — 

 namely, Charles Cardale Babington. His earliest work was a little 

 Flora of Bath and its Neighbourhood, 1834 (with a Supplement in 

 1839) ; and in the latter year he published his Primitia Flora 

 Sarnica, or an Outline oj the Flora of the Channel Islands. 



In 1840 a History of British Ferns was published by Edward 

 Newman, which went through several editions. In 1841 the native 

 Seaweeds were described by W. H. Harvey in his British Marine 

 Algce ; a second edition appeared in 1849, illustrated by a series of 

 dried specimens. In the year 1841 also a very useful magazine 

 was started, entitled The Phytologist. In its old and new series it 

 extends from 1841 to 1863, when it was discontinued, but imme- 



