218 tHE JOURNAL OF BOTANY 



Syn. — (j-naphaUum hyperhoreum J. Donn, Hort. Cantab, ed. 7, p. 237 



(1812). 

 Antennaria montana var. lanata S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. 



PI. ii. p. 458 (1821). 

 Gnaphallum dioicum var., Smith, Engl. Flora, iii. p. 414 (1825). 

 Ayitennaria hyperborea D. Don in Engl. Bot. Suppl. t. 2640 



(May, 1830), 

 Gnaphalium horeale Turcz. herb. (1835), ex Cand. Prodr. vi. 



p. 270(1837). 

 Antennaria dioica var. australis Griseb. Spicil. Fl. ii. p. 198 



(1844). 



Var. y congesta Cand. Prodr. vi. p. 270 (1837). Specimina 

 nana, quam in typo roinora. Caulis 30-36 mm. FoHa juniora 

 utrinque albo-tomentosa. Calathia inter folia congesta sessilia ; in 

 calathiis femineis, squamarum parte scariosa saturatius colorata. 



Syn. — Gnaphalium alpinum Asso ex Cand. Prodr. vi. p. 270. 



The species is generally distributed over Europe (Portugal per- 

 haps excepted), across N. Asia, touchmg N. Persia, and reaching 

 Japan. It is found on the N. American continent from Alaska to 

 Labrador and Newfoundland, and from the Arctic Circle to S. Cali- 

 fornia, where, according to N. L. Britton,* var. fS is the prevailing 

 form, var. a being occasionally met with. 



In the British Isles the species is found on heaths, sandy 

 pastures, and alpine rocks, from the sea-level up to 600 metres in 

 the Highlands ; and its earliest record is the year 1641.+ 



The references to exdccatcB in the distribution of var. hyperborea 

 in the following paragraphs are worked up from the material in 

 Herb. Kew. : — 



Var. P hyperborea. — Of this plant D. Don writes that it was 

 "first observed by the late Mr. John Mackay on Breeze Hill, Isle 

 of Skye, in 1794. Sir J. E. Smith has noticed it in English Flora 

 as a variety of A. dioica ; but after many years' observation, and an 

 attentive comparison of it, cultivated together with A. dioica and 

 A.plantaginea, I am now fully satisfied of its being entitled to rank 

 as a species." Smith's previous reference to it is as follows : — 

 ''Avery fine variety, almost twice the size of the common sort, 

 with the upper surface of the leaves downy, at least while young, 

 was gathered on Breeze Hill, in the Isle of Skye, by the late Mr. 

 John Mackay, which some have thought a new species. But it 

 seems a mere variety, becoming still larger in a garden, and having, 

 as far as I can make out, no specific mark of distinction." 



In H. C. Watson's herbarium there is a single specimen, poor 

 and scarcely characteristic, from Churchill Babiugton, found at 

 Loch Coriskin, in the Isle of Skye, in September, 1838. In Borrer's 

 herbarium there is also only a single specimen, from Skye, probably 

 gathered in 1819, as it bears Winch's original label on which he 



* 111. Fl. Un. States & Can. ii. p. 398. 

 t Johnson, Mercurius Botanicus, ii. p. 22. 



