Journal of Applied Microscopy. 381 



an oil-immersion lens. Often they leave behind them small particles of their gran- 

 ular protoplasm. Leucocytes of the second form generally appear eighteen to 

 twenty-four hours after inoculation. The lymphocytes appear about the fourth 

 day. About the fifth day or later, in the outer third of the cornea, plasma cells 

 are seen. These cells are formed from lymphoid cells by the gradual formation 

 of protoplasm around the nucleus, and are amoeboid. The transformation from 

 lymphoid cells to plasma cells probably takes place outside the cornea. 



('2 and 5) In a fiat section of the cornea, including the sclera and conjunc- 

 tiva, a plexus of veins can be seen just outside the cornea. From these veins 

 the emigration of cells takes place and the new blood vessels are formed. Ihe 

 fijst step in the formation of the new blood vessels is seen forty-eight hours after 

 the injury, in the proliferation of the cells of the large veins and the resulting 

 formation of protoplasmic outgrowths. Red blood corpuscles afterwards appear 

 between and around the cells forming these processes. In other cases red blood 

 corpuscles appear in the cell spaces immediately around blood vessels. They 

 seem to become surrounded by the growing cells, and in this way are converted 

 into vessels. 



(4) Changes in the corneal corpuscles are both regressive and progressive. 

 The cells directly acted on by the irritant are entirely destroyed. In the imme- 

 diate periphery of the eschar, cells are seen whose nuclei have separated into 

 two, and sometimes three or four fragments ; the protoplasm also is fragmented. 

 This degenerative change corresponds to the so-called direct nuclear division. In 

 cases where a caustic was used as the irritant, the formation of new corneal 

 corpuscles is indicated by the presence of many mitotic figures. The growing 

 cells often have cell inclusions, consisting of fragments of necrotic corneal cor- 

 puscles. The corneal corpuscles take no part in the formation of new blood 

 vessels. 



The article is illustrated by twenty-two excellent photomicrographs. 



R. M. p. 



NEWS AND NOTES. 



Picro-Carmine and Alum-carmine as Counter-stains. — I notice in the 

 October issue of the Journal an article headed " Picro-Carmine and Alum- 

 Carmine as Counter-stains," in which the author states that he has never been 

 able to obtain good results with picro-carmine as a counter-stain for bacteria in 

 tissues. 



As I have had some experience in such staining, I venture to offer some sug- 

 gestions, some of which may be more or less well known, and all of which I can 

 recommend from personal use as being reliable. 



If sections be first stained with logwood picro-carmine, Gram's method of 

 bacterial staining may subsequently be used with very satisfactory results. 



As a counter stain alum-carmine alone gives only a nuclear stain and leaves 

 the cytoplasm practically untouched. I have found that better results can be 

 obtained by first staining in alum-carmine or borax-carmine, then carrying the 

 section through the regular Gram's process, and lastly leaviiig the section for 

 half a minute in the following solution, then alcohol, creasote, and balsam : 



