520 Journal of Applied Microscopy. 



ually became blue. By this method the Bacilkis tuberculosis hominis is sharply 

 differentiated from the other three — Bacillus tuberculosis avium, Bacillus lepra;, 

 and Bacillus smegmae — since it is not stained, while all the others are easily stained. 

 One might easily confound the Bacillus tuberculosis avium with Bacillus leprae 

 and Bacillus smegmas, since they all take the same stain (red). However, there 

 is shown a difference even here. If the Bacillus tuberculosis avium is treated 

 for 10 minutes with Loffler's methylen blue it does not lose its red color, whereas 

 the Bacillus lepra;, treated in the same way, is completely decolorized and the 

 Bacillus smegmse loses its red color and becomes violet or blue. 



The usefulness of the above mentioned method is shown in the examination 

 of urine to distinguish the Bacillus tuberculosis from the Bacillus smegmre, as well 

 'as in the examination of tuberculous or leprous affections of the internal organs, 

 to differentiate between the bacillus leprae and the bacillus tuberculosis. 



This method, as has been seen, is useful also to distinguish the Bacillus tuber- 

 culosis hominis from the Bacillus tuberculosis avium. h. h. w. 



^ , , . This work covers the examination of 



Plimmer, H. Q. Vorlaunge Notiz iiber gewisse 



vom Krebs isolierte Organismen und deren 1-78 cases of cancer from various or- 

 pathogene Wirkung in Tieren. Centrlbl. „^^^ ^^d parts of the body. In only 

 f. Bakt. 25:805-809,1899. . r , , 



nme of these cases were there present 



in the cell, bodies which the author regarded as parasites. In some of the cells 

 as many as 36 of these bodies were found. Believing that these organisms stood 

 in some causal relationship to the disease, cultures were made from nine of the 

 cases, and in one of the two which contained enormous numbers of these organ- 

 isms an organism was isolated which was pathogenic for certain animals and 

 maintained its virulence for several months. 



The cancer from which the organism was isolated was from the breast of a 

 35-vear-old woman. This cancer was of two-months standing and w^as in rapid 

 proliferation at the time of the operation. Immediately after the operation a 

 section of the cancer was examined and an enormous number of bodies were 

 found in the cells. Thin sections cut from the cancer wath a sterile knife, and 

 some of the fluid scraped from the cut surface were placed in a flask which con- 

 tained a medium made up of a broth prepared from the cancer itself, and to this 

 was added, after careful neutralization, 2 per cent, of glucose and 1 per cent, of 

 tartaric acid. 



The cultures were grown under anaerobic conditions in an atmosphere of 

 hydrogen. Such cultures maintain their virulence and are as effective after four 

 months as when recently isolated. 



The organism apparently belongs to the saccharomyces. Microscopically 

 they are round, often growing in clumps, with a darkly staining center and in 

 most cases with a highly refractive, thin capsule which at times shows a double 

 border. In many of the younger cells no capsule is seen. They vary in size 

 from to 0.04 mm. to to 0,4 mm. They multiply by budding, and the author 

 believes he has also observed endogenous spores. Grown in the above men- 

 tioned medium, after forty-eight hours there is a cloudiness which increases for 

 six days, and then the medium becomes clear without the formation of a scum. 



