Journal of Applied Microscopy. 



545 



a few conceptacles. The safranin-gentian-violet-orange combination is good for 

 such sections. For such views as are represented in C and D the material should 

 be stained in bulk in borax carmine or alum carmine. The process for borax 

 carmine is as follows : 



a. Borax carmine, 24 hours. 



b. Acid alcohol (1 per cent. HCl in 70 per cent, alcohol), 10 minutes. 



c. 70 to 100 per cent, alcohol, 2 hours each. 



d. Clear in cedar oil, bergamot oil, or oil of cloves. 



e. Tease out the contents of the conceptacles sufficiently to show 



details, and mount in balsam. 



The process for alum carmine is the same, except that no acid alcohol is used. 



Sections like that shown in B are easily cut in celloidin. After staining in 

 borax carmine or alum carmine, imbed in celloidin in the usual way. After 

 hardening the celloidin in chloroform, put the block into 95 per cent, alcohol for 

 fifteen or twenty minutes, and then into Eycleshymer's clearing fluid (equal parts 

 bergamot oil, cedar oil, and carbolic acid), until thoroughly cleared. The block 

 may be left here indefinitely, and sections may at any time be mounted in balsam 

 as soon as they are cut. 



Chorda, Laminaria, and similar forms may be treated like Fucus. 



RHODOPHYCEAE. 



The red algae belong almost exclusively to salt water, but a few genera are 

 found only in fresh water, usually running water, and a few forms occur both in 



salt and in fresh water. 



The technique is more difficult 

 than in the case of the brown algse. 

 Until something better is suggested 

 the same method of fixing and 

 washing may be used as for the 

 brown algae. Picric acid, corrosive 

 sublimate, and absolute alcohol 

 have been tried, but do not give 

 as good results as the chromo-acetic 

 acid or Flemming's fluid. 



Batrachospermum. — This is a 

 green, fresh water member of the 

 red algae. It is not very uncom- 

 mon in small streams. 



The cells are so small that it is 

 hardly worth while to attempt sec- 

 tioning them. Very good prepara- 

 tions showing the nuclei may be 

 obtained by staining in Mayer's 

 haemalum, or Haidenhain's iron 

 alum haematoxylin. After the 

 material is in glycerine ready for 





Fig. 22. Batrachospermum moniliforme. 



From a preparation stained in Mayer's liaemalum and mounted 

 in glycerine. A. Portion of plant showing branches and 

 several cystocarps. X 25. B. A procarpic branch show- 

 ing carpogonium (p), and trichogyne (t), with a antherozoid 

 (s) attached. X 255. C. A younger branch showing car- 

 pogonium and trichogyne. X255. D. Branch with three 

 antherozoids. X 255. 



