Journal of Applied Microscopy. 607 



history of lichenology, ending with an account of the views of Schwendener and 

 Reinke, the latter of whom has the author's support in believing that lichens are 

 morphological units and not symbiotic formations. The remainder of the first part 

 of the book contains sections on the uses of lichens, their supposed mode of evolu- 

 tion, morphology and physiology, occurrence and distribution, and directions for 

 collecting, preserving, and studying them. The second part consists of the 

 systematic description. Appended sections give the continental range of the 

 more important lichen genera occurring in the United States, and a list of all the 

 species known to occur in the same region. The plates illustrate algal and 

 lichen types and generic spore types. 



This guide will undoubtedly do much to stimulate interest in lichens among 

 the rapidly increasing numbers of amateur naturalists, few of whom suspect the 

 curious symbiotic and ecological relationships exhibited by these plants. 



Charles Wright Dodge. 



RECENT LITERATURE. 



Barnes, C. R. The Progress and Problems of Kohl, F. G. Untersuchungen iiber Raphid- 

 Plant Physiology. Science, 10: 316-331, zellen. Bot. Centralbl., 79: 273-282, pi. 



1899. 4-5. 1899. 



„ . . A 1. ^ , -1 .• i> i J J Kolkwitz, R. Wachsthumsgeschichte der 



Boubier, A. M Contributions a 1 etude du chloiophyllbander von Spirogyra. Fest- 



pyienoide Bull, de 1 Herbier Boissier. 7: ^ehrift fur Schwendener. Pp. 271, 5 fig., 



554-559.1899. J899. 



Buscalioni, L. Osservazioni e richerche sulla Leisering, B. Ueber die Korkbildung bei den 

 cellula vegetale. Annuario del R. Institute Chenopodiaceen. Ber. d. deutsch. bot. Ge- 



botanico di Roma. 7: 255-346, pi. 8, 1898. sell., 17: 243-255, pi. 19, 1899. 



„ , ^ .. A ^ , T^ r . TT • 1 Meyer, W. Ueber den Einfluss von Witter- 



Carleton, M. A. Cereal Rusts of the United ungs und Bodenverhaltnissen auf den anat- 



States, a Physiological Investigation U. S. omischen Bau der Pflanzen. Bot. Centralbl. 



Dept. of Agri. Div. of Veg. Phys. and Path. -« . ^„_„o jgoo 



Bull. No. 16, pp. 74. pl. 4. 1899- J -^^ c I -ru V ^ n- u f 



Stevens, F. L. The Compound Oosphere or 



Hus, H. T. Heredity of Fasciations. Erythea, Albugo bliti. Bot. Gaz., 28; 149-176, pl. 



7: 82-84, 1899. 12-15, 1899. 



ANIMAL BIOLOGY. 



Agnes M. Claypole. 



Separates of papers and books on animal biology should be sent for review to 



Agnes M. Claypole, Sage College, 



Ithaca, N. Y. 



CURRENT LITERATURE. 



Mayer, Paul. Ueber Hematoxylin, Carmin Several years ago the author was asked 

 und venvandten Materien. Zeit. fur wiss. tO write an article on Stains for a hand- 

 Mikr. 16: 196-220,1899. ^^^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^^^ ^^ botanists, zoolo- 



gists, and mineralogists. The work was never completed, but in this full and 

 complete article the same ground is covered. Before starting the treatment of 

 the subject proper, a short explanation is given of "stains" and "mordants" 

 and the parts played by each in finally staining tissues. They do not, he says, 

 stand in sharp contrast with each other, but conditions will make the one take the 

 place of the other. Plant or animal tissues can be saturated with an alum 



