Journal of Applied Microscopy. 651 



on the demands of the entire adult organism. A functional stimulus is neces- 

 sary for cell preservation and growth. A permanent existence for the new 

 growth has not been demonstrated by these experiments. 



They are not tumors, as they are not progressive ; but while Cohnhein's 

 theory is not confirmed, it is not disproved. r. m. p. 



NEUROLOGICAL LITERATURE. 



Edith M. Brace. 



Literature for Review should be sent to Edith M. Brace, 

 131 Park Avenue, Rochester, N. Y. 



u/o,.s^^„- w D TT .u r^u .■ Experiments were made to determine 



Warrington, W. B. Further Observations on ^ 



the Structural Alterations Observed in Nerve what changes in cells of the spinal 

 Cells. Jour. Physiol, 24: 464-478, 4 text ^^^^ ^^^^^ result from cutting off 

 figs., 1099. ° 



afferent, or both afferent and efferent, 



impulses. Cats were used. The animals were anesthetized and the posterior roots 



of the spinal nerves were cut on one side or on both sides, or both anterior and 



posterior roots were cut. In others the cord was transected, and in another series of 



experiments hemi-section of the cord with division of afferent roots on that side 



was made. Examination was made several days or a number of months after the 



operation. Sections were prepared by Held's method, i. e., fix in saturated 



solution of perchloride of mercury and pass through the grades of alcohol. 



Cases where the afferent nerves were cut showed some alteration in the 

 cells of the anterior horn, but not as much for the cervical as for the lumbo- 

 sacral region. When both anterior and posterior roots were cut, all cells on the 

 side of the lesion showed some changes, but usually les's than when only the 

 anterior root had been cut. The anterior group seems to be prominent for the ease 

 with which its cells undergo chromatolysis. 



The ultimate fate of the cell after the cutting of its axon seemed to depend 

 not only on injury to the other parts of the neuron to which it belongs, but also 

 on the extent of the injury to neurons in immediate functional relationship to it. 

 A human subject, after enucleation of the eyeball, showed no difference in the 

 oculo-motor nuclei of the two sides on examination after eighteen months. The 

 gray matter of the cord showed changes below the level of lesion in cases of 

 transection. Clark's column is especially affected ; cells of the anterior region 

 were only slightly affected. After both hemi-section and division of afferent 

 roots, the cells in the anterior horn of that side showed few and in some cases 

 no changes. e. m. b. 



Qoltz, Fr. Beobachtungen an einen Affen mit The observations noted in this paper 

 verstiimmeltem Grosshirn. Archiv. f. Phy- are especially interesting, from the 

 siol. 76: 411-426, Tf. I, 1899. ^ 1 , ,. , , 



tact that the ape upon which they were 



made lived eleven years after the operation on its brain, during which time it 

 was the subject of experiments by Professor Goltz and his assistants. 



The cortex was removed from the left frontal lobe, and about a year later, 

 from the left parietal lobe. After each operation there was lameness in the 



