S/udies ill Problematic Organisms. 77 



In 1842, Vanuxeni* figured Fncoides biloba from the Clinton. 

 This is now called Cruziana bilobata. In the same volume he 

 described the "Cock-tail" Grit as characterized by several 

 peculiar forms of "fucoids," calling them "curtain" and 

 " retort" fucoids. These species are now placed in the genus 

 Spirophyton or Taomirus. Fncoides grapiiica, a very proble- 

 matic organism, is also described. Of it Vanuxem says, that 

 "as yet the real nature of these bodies is doubtful, and they 

 are, therefore, classed as fucoids." (p. 173.) 



Several species of the genus were described by Hall in 1843.T 

 Of these /•". aicriformis (p. 47), and F. heterophyllns (p. 47), 

 from the Medina, are of inorganic origin, and should be 

 expunged from lists of fossils. Fncoides gracilis, later on 

 referred to the genus Buthotrephis, was described on page 69. 

 It is probably referable to Chondrites. Fncoides verticalis 

 (p. 242) is a worm burrow, and is now referred to the genus 

 Scolithus. In 1844, Emmons+ described as new /-'ncoides 

 flexuosa and /•". rigida. Both of these are worm burrows, 

 probably forms of the same. He also figured on plate five 

 /'". simplex, which is now recognized as a graptolite. The 

 following year (1845) Pomel|| described two species under the 

 names of Fncoides beatimontianus and dnfrenoyi, both of which 

 are, as far as descriptions indicate, of vegetable origin. I do 

 not know in what genus they are now placed. In 1847, 

 Prof. James HallS referred F. rigida and F.fiexnosa to a new 

 genus with a query, under the name of Bnthotrephis fiexuosa, 

 considering the former species a synonym (p. 263) ; while in 

 the following year (1848) McCoy* referred both the above 

 species of Emmons and F. antiquns Brong., from Norway, to 

 Chondrites. In 1851, Prof. James HalP''* figured and mentioned 

 luicoides duplex from the Potsdam. As there is no descrip- 

 tion, it is necessary to study the figure, and this would indi- 

 cate an approach to some species of Crnziana. It maybe this 

 species that is called by Chamberlinft Pakeophycns dnplex. In 



■•'Geol. Sur. of New York, Rept. of the 3d Geol. Dist., 1S42, p. 79. 



tGeol. Sur. of New York, Rept. of the 4th Geol. Dist., 1S43. 



|The Taconic System. 1844. 



IIBuU. Geol. Soc. France, 2d ser., t. ii, 1845, pp. 310-311. 



^Pal. of New York, vol. i, 1847. 



^Quart. Jour. Geol Soc. London, %'ol. iv, 1848, p. 224. 



'-'Foster and Whitney Lake Superior Land District Kept., part 2, p. 226, pi. 23A. 



ttGeol. of Wisconsin, vol. i, 1883, p. 126. 



