242 THE JOURNAL OF BOTANY 



On his father's death, which occurred when Joseph was thirteen 

 years pld, he became a pupil teacher, was trained at the Battersea 

 Training College, and was appointed to a school at Stanwix, near 

 Carlisle, in 1857. On October 3rd, 1859, he came to Staveley as 

 headmaster, an appointment which he held with great success 

 until his retirement in 1902 ; after his retirement he continued 

 to lecture under the County Education authorities. He was twice 

 married ; to Mary Ann Seed in 1861, and to Emily J. Euthven in 

 1894, leaving six children by the first, and one by the second 

 marriage. His eldest son, Mr. G. E. Martindale, inherits his 

 father's botanical tastes. 



Somewhat reserved with strangers, but of a kindly and un- 

 selfish disposition, Martindale took an active interest in politics 

 and in the local management of the village, serving on the parish 

 council and other bodies, acting as organist of the parish church, 

 and joining in the Volunteer movement of 1878. 



Physically he was active and vigorous, making all his jour- 

 neys on foot when acting as inspector of religious instruction for 

 the council schools of Westmoreland. Intellectually he was a 

 man of considerable ability and determination, doing with the 

 utmost thoroughness and precision everything he took in hand. 

 His hchenological studies led him to acquire a mastery of the 

 German language after he was forty years of age. French he 

 knew well, and was thus able to correspond in their own 

 languages with Arnold and Nylander. 



Besides being a classical scholar, Martindale was famihar with 

 Anglo-Saxon, and was versed in the Norwegian and Icelandic 

 languages. He held strongly to Anglo-Saxon associations, and 

 challenged the ultra-Norwegian theories held by some of the 

 Westmoreland antiquaries, by material derived from local place- 

 names. He was mainly instrumental in the discovery of an 

 ancient British settlement at Millrigg, Kentmere, and in 1900 

 read a paper on the subject before the Cumberland and West- 

 moreland Archgeological and Antiquarian Society. 



His interest extended to entomology, geology, and osteology, 

 and he was an old and honoured member of the Kendal Literary 

 and Scientific Society and a member of its Council from 1903-1913. 



Although best known outside his adopted county as a 

 lichenologist, Martindale was a good all-round botanist. When 

 he first took up the study of the botany of Westmoreland, he, 

 with his usual thoroughness, collected all the records of plants of 

 the period before Linnaeus, from 1597 to 1774, availing himself 

 largely of Mr. Harry Arnold's rich library at Arnbarrow: these he 

 found to number 153 species. He then followed up the labours 

 of Thomas Lawson in 1638, the Quaker schoolmaster of Great 

 Strickland and father of Lakeland botany, who sent to his 

 contemporary, John Eay, a list of 150 local plants, and of the 

 stations in which they grew ; and brought the records up to date 

 by consulting those of Wilson and Hudson in the 18th, and 

 Gough in the 19th century. Of the total number of plants, 1858, 

 enumerated in the London Catalogue (8th edition), Mr. Martindale 



