A FLORA OF GIBRALTAR 



AND THE NEIGHBOUKHOOD. 



By Major A. H. WOLLEY-DOD. 



Introduction. 



During two visits to Gibraltar, from November to June 

 inclusive, in 1911 to 1913, I was able to devote practically the 

 whole of my time to the study of the botany of the Eock and the 

 adjacent portion of Spain, which proves to be considerably richer 

 than is indicated by the Floras hitherto published. That finality is 

 not nearly reached is shown by the number of unrecorded species 

 that may be found in any excursion to the less easily accessible 

 localities and, indeed, even in those which have been most worked. 



The limits covered are not very well defined, the ground 

 searched being very irregular in outline ; it may be roughly stated 

 as including all the neighbourhood of Gibraltar, San Koque, and 

 Algeciras, as far north as a line drawn from La Tunara on the 

 Eastern Beach to Malaga Gardens, thence to the gap between the 

 Sierra Lorca and Alcadeza Crags, and on to the Almoraima 

 Convent. The country between the Guadarranque and Palmones 

 Kivers has been almost unexplored by me, except the strip 

 between the railway and the sea. South of the Palmones River I 

 have explored the Waterfall Valley and some of the adjacent valleys 

 and slopes, as well as much of the ground about Algeciras, chiefly 

 to the north, with two excursions to Carnero Point. In general, 

 the region covered by my Flora may be regarded as that which 

 can be reached from Gibraltar or Algeciras in a day's walk, 

 assisted in one direction by the railway ; but by making fuller use 

 of the railway than I did, a considerably greater area of country 

 about and beyond Jimena might be embraced. Much of this 

 ground has been worked by former botanists, but, to judge from 

 the records, it appears that little attention has been given to the 

 Alcadeza and Cork Wood Crags, or to the less accessible parts of 

 the woods themselves ; also to the marshes between the rivers, 

 and to the shore and hills about Carnero Point. 



Geology and Topography. 

 The region covered by the Flora lies between 39° 5' and 

 36^ 15 ' N. latitude, and 5° 20' to 5'^ 30' W. longitude, and is for 

 the most part hilly. The lower rock formation of the Spanish 

 portion is Jurassic limestone, with an overlying compact yellowish 

 sandstone forming the Algeciras Mountains, which rise to 2500 ft. 

 Journal of Botany, September, 1914. [Supplement] a 



