XVI A FLORA OF GIBRALTAR AND THE NEIGHBOURHOOD 



exaggerated statement. Europa Flats and the south and south- 

 east slopes have been less affected by this cause than those to the 

 west and north-west. On the other hand, forty-eight species 

 found on the Eock are absent from the adjacent territory, the 

 following not being recorded from the Cadiz province, some of 

 them (shown in roman type) not being known in Spain at all. 

 No doubtful records or naturalized aliens are included in this and 

 similar lists : — 



Clematis cirrliosa v. Dautezi (endemic), Hcsperis laciniata ? 

 Brassica sabularia v. papillaris (endemic), Iberis gil^raltarica, 

 IlcUanthemuuh origanifolium, Diaiithus Caryoijhijllus, Silene 

 gibraltarica, Spergularia riipcstris, Linam niaritimuin, Lavatera 

 arborea, Mediccujo ol)Scura,]\£eUlotus iiifesta, TrtfoUtnii suffocaliivt, 

 Seduni viicrccnthum? Saxii'raga globulifera v. gibraltarica, Ferula 

 tingitana? Vaillantia muralis, Hclichrysum rupestre v. Boissieri 

 (endemic), Senecio miuutus v. <jihraltaricus, Calendula suffruticosa, 

 BarkhaiLsia fcctida, Campanula mollis v. microphijlla, Antirrhinum 

 tortuosum, Lafncntea rotnndifolia? Lavandula dentata'.^ Thymus 

 ditt'usus (endemic). Salvia triloba v. calpeana (endemic), Phlomis 

 fruticosa, Sideritis arhorescens, Achyranthes argentea, Parietaria 

 lusitanica, Crocus Salzmanni? Notochlcena vcllea. 



Besides Ericaceae the following are some of the more striking 

 species which are absent from or rare on the Rock, but common 

 in Spain : — Cistacece (almost all species, though HeliantJiemum 

 origanifolium is found in Gibraltar alone), Spergula arvensis, 

 Erodium prmndaceum, Ulex (all species), Trifolium, Cherleri, 

 Hedysarum coronarium, OEnanthe pimpinelloides, Ormenis mixta, 

 Carlina racemosa, Lavandula Sta^chas, llomulea ramiflora. 



District II. Neutral Ground.— This is a very small area, 

 about two-thirds of a square mile, lying between the British and 

 Spanish Lines, and reaching from sea to sea. I treat it as a 

 separate district on account of the peculiarity of its situation. It 

 is isolated from the mainland of Spain by the so-called Sand 

 Desert, or extensive sand dunes lying to the north of Linea, and, 

 not being British territory, it cannot be included in District I. 

 From physical considerations, it might have been desirable to 

 have treated the Neutral Ground and North Front together as a 

 separate district, or as part of District III., but it seems best to 

 make the British Lines the limit of Gibraltar. The chief difficulty 

 that arises is from the doubt whether many of the old records 

 refer to the North Front or the Neutral Ground ; but this is of 

 less importance in view of the fact already pointed out, that 

 formerly there was no North Front, so that the flora of the 

 Neutral Ground must have reached the foot of the Eock. Its 

 surface, though approximately level, is sufficiently undulating to 

 allow pools of water to stand throughout the rainy season, thus 

 providing suitable soil for quite a number of marsh-loving species 

 to grow, chietiy on the west side, which is for the most part 

 grassy. Towards the east the soil becomes more and more sandy, 

 till on the shore only a few species are found, such as Maithiola 

 tricuspidata, Silene niccecnsis, Ononis varicgata, Medicago marina, 



