﻿12 Journal New York Ext. Soc. [Voi. iii. 



garded as the mandibles. It is present, though small and reduced in 

 Hepialus. The labial palpi (mx' p) are large and wide, and divided 

 at the end. 



PL III, Fig. 3, represents the head of (Enetus virescens Double- . 

 day. The paraclypeal pieces are not differentiated ; while the labrum 

 appears to be slightly distinct from the clypeus, and excavated in the 

 middle of the front edge, the labial palpi (jnx' p) are very short ; the 

 maxillary palpi are as in Hepialus. 



The under side of the end of the body of this pupa, including ab- 

 dominal segments 8 to 10, is represented by PI. Ill, Fig. 2; on the 

 eighth segment is the well developed toothed ridge, while each side of 

 the segment is irregularly dentate. On the ninth segment (IX) are the 

 rudiments of the male genital opening of the moth, a longitudinal scar 

 situated between the usual two tubercles, while the vestiges of the anal 

 legs of the larva {a. /.) are represented by the longitudinal flattened 

 tubercles enclosing the scar or vestige of the anus. 



Dr. Chapman (Trans. Ent. Soc. London, March, 1893), has 

 from the pupal characters shown that the Hepialidse should be asso- 

 ciated with the Tineina in his division of Pupa incompleto: ; shortly 

 after, in the same year. Prof. Comstock (Evolution and Taxonomy) con- 

 cluded from a study of the venation that the group should be placed at 

 the very bottom of the Lepidopterous series, and Mr. Dyar (Ann. N. 

 Y. Acad. Sc. VIII, 1894, p. 197) agreed with Comstock's view from 

 the examination of a sketch of an European larva (ZT. lupiiliniis). 

 From a somewhat extended study of the larval, pupal, and also the 

 imaginal characters (thorax and head), including the pupa of Phassus, 

 I think there is little doubt but that the Hepialidce are colossal Tine- 

 oids, with the essential features of Tinea and its allies, but yet some- 

 what modified in adaptation to their boring life. They do not seem to 

 be the most generalized Tineina, being more specialized and later to ap- 

 pear than the Micropterygidae, and also the Eriocephalidae. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 

 PLATE IIL 



Fig. I. Hepialus mustelinus. — Freshly hatched larva ; A, thoracic segments; B, 

 terminal abdominal segments. 



Fig. 2. Hepialus humuli. — End of body of pupa; a. I. anal legs ; IX, male genital 

 organs. 



Fig. 3. (TLnetus virescens. — Head of pupa ; mxp, maxillary palpi; nix\p, lab- 

 ial palpi. 



