﻿122 Journal New York Ent. Soc. [Voi. in. 



ous species of the Heliconidae enumerated above, a pair of club-shaped 

 processes like the balancers of flies, which are thrust out on each side 

 of and under the odoriferous puff-balls of the hinder edge of the pen- 

 ultimate segment (PI. V, Fig. 13). The club or head is armed with 

 hairs or bristles, which in Heliconius are like the scales of a butterfly. 



A pair of small ramose odoriferous glands are said by Siebold, 

 who regarded them as alluring glands, to occur in Argyn>ns, Melitcea 

 and Zygcena, to be situated near the orifice of the oviduct, and Scud- 

 der has detected them near the anus of the female pupa of Danais 

 archippus. The appearance of the odoriferous glands in the pupa of 

 Vanessa io is well shown by Jackson (PI. V, Fig. 14). They develop as 

 two tubular ingrowths of the hypodermis, perfectly distinct one from the 

 other, each having its own separate aperture to the exterior. In Fig. 14 

 the condition of parts is nearly as in the imago, the glands being situ- 

 ated below the rectum and opening of the oviduct. In both sexes of 

 another Brazilian butterfly (^Didonis biblis) on the median line of the 

 abdomen between the fourth and fifth segments are two roundish vesi- 

 cles covered with short gray hairs, which emit a disagreeable smell. 



It is possible that the dark green fluid in Parnassius, secreted by 

 an evaginable gland and which is moulded into shape by the scimetar- 

 shaped peraplast (Scudder), is formed by the homologues of the anal 

 glands of other butterflies. 



Distribution of repugnatorial or alluring scent Glands 

 in Insects.* 



The names of the discoverers of tlie glands are enclosed in parenthesis. 



A. Larval Insects. 



a. Prothoracic sternal. Phryganea. 



b. Prothoracic steriial, discharging a lateral jet of spray; with a 

 single large internal sack. 



LEPIDOPTERA. 

 Super-family Tineina. 

 Hyponomeuta evonymella {Schaeffer). 



* Embryonic or temporary glands, the " pleuropodia " of Wheeler, viz., the 

 modified first pair of abdominal legs, occur in CEcanthus, Gryllotalpa, Xipkidium, 

 Stenobothrjts, Mantis (occasionally a pair on the second abdominal segment, Graber)j 

 Blatta, Periplaneta, Cicada, Zaitha, Hydrophiliis, Acilius, A.elolo7itka, Meloe, 

 Sialis, Neophylax. (See Wheeler, Appendages of the First Abdominal Segment, 

 etc., 1890.) 



