ANNOTATED LIST OF REFERENCES 



The literature on sharks, skates, rays, and chinaaeras is voluminous and 

 connposed of contributions from all major countries of the world. The list of 

 references following can only provide a glimpse of the total. The reader may scan 

 the bibliographies of the works consulted for further clues as to the nature and 

 extent of literature. 



Because zoology is a dynamic subject, zoological literature is constantly 

 increasing in volume, and zoological concepts are constantly undergoing modifi- 

 cation. Some of the most innportant current references are, therefore, found in 

 journals rather than in textbooks. 



GENERAL REFERENCE BOOKS 



The following books should be re- 

 garded as basic references for the 

 serious student of elasmobranchs: 



BIGELOW, HENRY B., AND WILLIAM 



C. SCHROEDER. 



1948. Sharks, /n F i s h e s of the 



western North Atlantic. Sears 



Foundation Marine Research 



Memoir No. 1, pt. 1, p. 59-576. 



1953. Sawfishes, g u i t a r f i s h e s, 

 skates, rays, and chimaeroids. 

 Fishes of the western North 

 Atlantic. Sears Foundation Ma- 

 rine Research Memoir No. 1, 

 pt. 2, XV 588. 



These two companion volumes, although largely 

 systematic in scope, summarize most of the information 

 available at the time of printing on habits, food, size, 

 abundance, reproduction, and distribution of the known 

 chondrichthoid fishes in the western North Atlantic. 



NORMAN, J. R., AND F. C. ERASER. 

 1938. Giant fishes, whales and dol- 

 phins. Putnam, London, xxii 

 + 376 p. 



A general and popularized iccount of the size, 

 habits, and occurrence of the common large marine 

 animals. 



GENERAL REFERENCE PAPERS-- 

 NATURAL HISTORY 



The following papers, although 

 dealing primarily with particular 



sharks, or groups of sharks, are se- 

 lected as general owing to the large 

 amount of discussion of a more general 

 nature that has been included in them: 



OLSEN, A. M. 



1954. The biology, migration, and 

 growth rate of the school shark, 

 Galeorhinus australis (Macleay) 

 (Carcharhinidae) in south- 

 eastern Australian waters. 

 Australian Journal of Ma- 

 rine and Freshwater Re- 

 search, vol. 5, no. 3, p. 353- 

 410. 



RIPLEY, WILLIAM E. 



1946. The biology of the soupfin 

 Galeorhinus zyopterus and bio- 

 chemical studies of the liver. 

 The soupfin shark and the 

 fishery. California Division of 

 Fish and Game, Fisheries Bul- 

 letin 64, p. 6-37. 



SPRINGER, STEWART. 



1960. Natural history of the sand- 

 bar shark Eulamia tnilberti.U. S. 

 Fish and Wildlife Service, 

 Fishery Bulletin, vol. 61, no. 

 178, p. 1-38. 



Discusses the natural history of a common shark of 

 the coastal waters oftheeastcoastofthe United States, 

 with many comments applicable to elasmobranchs in 

 general. 



STRASBURG, DONALD W. 



1958. Distribution, abundance, and 

 habits of pelagic sharks in the 

 central Pacific Ocean. U. S. Fish 



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