xxiv CONTENTS 



CHAPTER II. PERIODIC PHENOMENA OF VEGETATION WITHIN 

 THE TEMPERATE ZONES 



PAGES 



Introduction, i. Metabolism and Interchange of Energy in Mesothermic Plants at 

 Different Seasons, i. Periodicity in the gean-tree. Processes that are visible externally. 

 Development of the flower-buds in the gean-tree. Grand periods and temperature. Season of 

 rest and temperature. Carbohydrates in the periods of activity and repose. Effects of tempera- 

 ture on the solution and re-formation of starch. ii. Starch-trees and Fat-trees. Causes of the 

 formation and disappearance of fat. iii. Theory of Forcing. The two conditions of proto- 

 plasm. The resting condition prolonged by low temperatures. Suppression of growth in length. 

 Oecological optimum temperature in the active period coinciding with the natural temperature, 

 iv. Periodicity of Herbaceous Plants. The sweetening of potatoes, v. Cold and Drought. 

 Similar effects of winter period and dry period. 2. Periodic Aspects of Vegetation, 

 i. General Considerations. Winter phenomena. Plants flowering in winter in Japan. Cold and 

 the development of flowers, ii. Periodic Phenomena in the South Temperate Zone. Chili. 

 South Africa. South Australia 43 I_ 445 



CHAPTER III. WOODLAND CLIMATE AND GRASSLAND CLIMATE 



IN THE WARM TEMPERATE BELTS 



I. General. 2. Subtropical Districts. Florida. South Brazil. Paraguay. 3. Warm 

 Temperate Districts without a Dry Season. Climate of the temperate rain-forest. South 

 Japan. West Chili. New Zealand. Grassland climate of the Falkland Islands. 4. Tem- 

 perate South Africa. Rain-provinces and vegetation-provinces. The south-west coast with 

 winter rains. Climate of the evergreen sclerophyllous woodland. The south and east coast 

 with spring and summer rains. Climate of savannahs. Interior of Eastern South Africa (Trans- 

 vaal and Orange River Colony) with summer rain. Climate of the steppes. 5. Warm Tem- 

 perate Districts with a Moist Summer. Intermediate climate in North Argentina. Park 

 landscapes. Climate of the pampas. Climate of the thorn-woodlands (espinall of West 

 Argentina. Climate of grassland in South-East and East Australia. 6. Warm Temperate 

 Districts with a Moist Winter. Climate of evergreen sclerophyllous woodland. South- West 

 and South Australia. Central Chili. Mediterranean countries. California. 7. Conclusion. 446-470 



CHAPTER IV. THE CONSTANTLY MOIST AND MOIST SUMMER 



DISTRICTS OF THE WARM TEMPERATE BELTS 



1. The Subtropical and Temperate Rain-Forest, i. The Subtropical Rain-Forest. 

 Character. Distribution. South Brazil. North Argentina. Coast of the Gulf of Mexico and 

 Florida. ii. The Temperate Pain-Forest in General. Oecological and floristic character. 

 Distribution, iii. The Temperate Rain-Forest in New Zealand. Hochstetter's description. 

 Oecological features according to Diels. iv. The Temperate Rain-Forest in Australia, v. The 

 Temperate Rain-Forest in South Japan, vi. The Temperate Rain-Forest in South Chili. 

 Valdivia according to Philippi. Juan Fernandez according to Johow. 2. The Xerophilous 

 Woodland Formation of the Warm Temperate Belts, i. Thorn-Woodland. Character 

 and distribution. ' Espinal-foimation ' in Argentina. ii. Savannah- Forest. Cebil-forest in 

 North Argentina. Eucalyptus-forest in Australia. 3. Grassland Formation of the Warm 

 Temperate Belts, i. Distribution. Northern belt. Savannah in Texas and New Mexico, 

 ii. Grassland in South Africa. Thode on British Kaffraria. Transvaal. iii. Grassland in 

 South America : Pampas. Description by Lorentz. iv. Grassland in Australia. The South 

 Australian savannah according to Schomburgk ........ 471-506 



CHAPTER V. DISTRICTS OF THE WARM TEMPERATE BELTS 



WITH MOIST WINTERS 



1. Sclerophyllous Woodland in General. Distribution and oecological character of 

 the formations. Structure of the leaves. Subsidiary components. Conditions of existence. 



