viii AUTHOR'S PREFACE 



following : — The directors of the botanical museums and gardens at 

 Berlin, Buitenzorg, and Kew, Prof. Drude (Dresden), Prof. Dudley 

 (California), Prof. Flahault(Montpellier), Prof. Hieronymus (Berlin), 

 Dr. Kornicke (Bonn), Prof. Noll (Bonn), Geheimrath Prof. Pntzci 

 (Heidelberg), Obergartner Purpus (Darmstadt), Geheimrath Prof. 

 Rein (Bonn), Prof. Trabut (Algiers), Prof. Volkens (Berlin). 



Most of the illustrations of plants were drawn from nature 

 by Mr. R. Anheisser under my personal supervision and to my 

 complete satisfaction. Relatively few plates are borrowed from 

 other books. 



Of the four maps, only the third is original and is intended 

 merely as a preliminary outline. The treatment of the vegetation 

 in Brazil is based on a sketch kindly placed at my disposal by 

 Prof. H. Schenck. 



General works on plant-geography are seldom cited in the 

 lists of literature at the end of the chapters. The student of 

 plant-geography must become familiar with the following works 

 of this character : — 



Candolle, Alph. de. Geographie botanique raisonnee. Geneve, 



1855. 

 Drude, O. Handbuch der Pflanzengeographie. Stuttgart, 1890. 



,, Atlas der Pflanzenverbreitung. Gotha, 1877. 



Engler, A. Versuch einer Entwicklungsgeschichte der Pflan- 



zenwelt. Leipzig, 1879, 1882. 



Grisebach, A. Die Vegetation der Erde nach ihrer klimatischen 



Anordnung. Leipzig, 1872. French ed. by Tchiatcheff. 



Paris, 1877. 



In conclusion, it is my pleasing duty to offer my sincere 



thanks to Dr. G. Fischer, the publisher, for the great readiness he 



has shown in meeting all my wishes. 



A. F. W. SCHIMPER. 



Bonn, 



End of July, 1898. 



